Table 6.

Summary of published work about the development of mimetic EVs nanovesicles by bottom-up bio-nanotechnology, showing formulation of the vesicles, molecules for the surface functionalization and main physical characteristic (size).

Formulation	Preparation method	Conjugation strategy	Size	Protein for functionalization	Reference
PC:SM:Cho:DOGS-NTA (55:30:10:5) weight ratio For fluorescent labelling, 0.25% mole/mole DSPE-RhodB	Thin-film hydration method (KCl 100 mM, HEPES 10 mM pH 7.0, EDTA 0.1 mM; KHE buffer) Filtered and degassed + extrusion over 200 nm membranes	Ni2+-NTA headgroup functionalized lipid + histidine-tagged recombinant peptides 37°C, 30 min	150–200 nm	APO2L/TRAIL-His10	[102]
PC:Cho:DSPE-PEG:DSPE-PEG-MAL (1:0.5:0.04:0.01) Molar ratio For fluorescent labelling, 1% of PC amount of DSPE-RhodB	Thin-film hydration method (Hepes 25mM, NaCl 140mM; pH 7.4) Filtered and degassed + extrusion over 100 nm membranes	Maleimide headgroup functionalized lipid + Traut’s reagent protein activation 1h RT 20/1 ratio	100 nm	MHC class I peptide complexes and FAB regions against T-cell receptors (adhesion, early and late activation and survival)	[15]
Micro-emulsion phase PC:CpEL (7:3, w/w) Micelle phase In 10:1 v/v DE:A DOPE:DC-Cho (4:1, w/w) In 1:2 v/v EtOH:DW	Micro-emulsion and micelle combining method + sonication step for 3min	Carboxilic group from ChoS and amine group from protein EDC/NHS 4°C for 12 h	82 nm	Monoclonal antibody against DEC205 antigen expressed on dendritic cells	[103]