Table 1.
Characteristics of 14 cases
| Case | Chief complaint | Structural disorder | Psychiatric diagnosis |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. 41-year-old man | Low back pain | None found | Pervasive developmental disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, somatoform disorders |
| 2. 53-year-old woman | Posterior cervical pain, bilateral omalgia, low back pain | None found | Dependency personality disorder, somatoform disorders |
| 3. 69-year-old woman | Posterior cervical pain, bilateral omalgia, low back pain | Spondylosis | Compulsive personality disorder, somatoform disorders |
| 4. 55-year-old woman | Posterior cervical pain, bilateral upper extremity numbness | Ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament (after surgery) | Narcissism personality disorder |
| 5. 20-year-old man | Low back pain | None found | Pervasive developmental disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, somatoform disorders |
| 6. 56-year-old woman | Posterior cervical pain, bilateral omalgia, low back pain, bilateral gonalgia | Spondylosis, knee osteoarthritis | Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, dependency personality disorder, somatoform disorders |
| 7. 31-year-old woman | Posterior cervical pain, bilateral omalgia, low back pain | None found | None diagnosed |
| 8. 47-year-old woman | Low back pain | None found | Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, histrionic personality disorder, somatoform disorders |
| 9. 56-year-old woman | Low back pain, left leg pain | None found | None diagnosed |
| 10. 51-year-old man | Low back pain | None found | Pervasive developmental disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, somatoform disorders |
| 11. 55-year-old man | Posterior cervical pain, bilateral omalgia, back pain, bilateral arm pain, low back pain, bilateral leg pain | None found | Pervasive developmental disorder, autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, somatoform disorders |
| 12. 58-year-old woman | Posterior cervical pain, bilateral omalgia, low back pain, right coxalgia, bilateral gonalgia, bilateral leg pain | Right hip osteoarthritis, 4th lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis | Pervasive developmental disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, somatoform disorders |
| 13. 75-year-old woman | Low back pain, bilateral leg pain | Spondylosis | None diagnosed |
| 14. 73-year-old woman | Low back pain, bilateral leg pain | Spondylosis, scoliosis | None diagnosed |