Table 3.
Combined effect of baseline TBiL concentrations (T1–T2 vs T3) and cigarette smoking (never, ever) on the primary and secondary outcomes
| Combined groups
|
Events/N (%) | OR (95% CI)
|
P for interaction | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Smoking status | TBiL, μmol/L | Unadjusted | Adjusteda | ||
| Progression of CKD | 0.013 | ||||
| Never | T1–T2 | 159/6389 (2.5) | Ref (1.00) | Ref (1.00) | |
| T3 | 35/2583 (1.4) | 0.54 (0.37–0.78) | 0.53 (0.36–0.78) | ||
| Ever | T1–T2 | 52/2016 (2.6) | Ref (1.00) | Ref (1.00) | |
| T3 | 48/1641 (2.9) | 1.14 (0.76–1.69) | 1.10 (0.71–1.70) | ||
| Rapid decline in eGFR | 0.084 | ||||
| Never | T1–T2 | 440/6388 (6.9) | Ref (1.00) | Ref (1.00) | |
| T3 | 119/2583 (4.6) | 0.65 (0.53–0.80) | 0.71 (0.57–0.88) | ||
| Ever | T1–T2 | 136/2016 (6.7) | Ref (1.00) | Ref (1.00) | |
| T3 | 107/1641 (6.5) | 0.96 (0.74–1.25) | 0.97 (0.73–1.29) | ||
| Decline in eGFR, % per year | 0.081 | ||||
| Never | T1–T2 | 1.47 (3.36)b | Ref (0.00) | Ref (0.00) | |
| T3 | 1.07 (3.24)b | −0.40 (−0.55, −0.25)c | −0.29 (−0.45, −0.14)c | ||
| Ever | T1–T2 | 1.47 (3.44)b | Ref (0.00) | Ref (0.00) | |
| T3 | 1.31 (3.55)b | −0.16 (−0.39, 0.06)c | −0.06 (−0.28, 0.17)c | ||
Notes:
a
Adjusted for age, sex, treatment group, systolic blood pressure, body mass index, alcohol intake, eGFR, proteinuria, serum glucose, total cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate transaminase at baseline, and time-averaged systolic blood pressure during treatment.
b
Mean (SD).
c
Values are regression coefficients (95% CI).
Abbreviations: TBiL, total bilirubin; CKD, chronic kidney disease; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; Ref, reference; T1, tertile 1; T2, tertile 2; T3, tertile 3.