Table 1. Descriptive characteristics of young infants days 0–89 of age with IBD, Manhiça demographic and health surveillance system, Mozambique, 2001–2013.
| Characteristics | All IBD N = 437 No (%) |
All GBS N = 57 No (%) |
GBS | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EOD N = 19 no (%) |
LOD N = 38 no (%) |
|||
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 239 (54.7%) | 30 (52.6%) | 10 (52.6%) | 20 (52.6%) |
| Median age in days (IQR) | 15 (7–29) | 10 (4–15) | 0 (0–4) | 13 (10–17) |
| Median weight upon admission, kg (IQR)1 | 3.3 (2.8–3.8) | 3.0 (2.7–3.4) | 2.9 (2.6–3.1) | 3.1 (2.8–3.5) |
| Child is breastfed2 | 320 (90.4%) | 44 (91.7%) | 16 (94.1%) | 28 (90.3%) |
| Caregiver previously sought care for child’s condition3 | ||||
| Yes | 57 (13.1%) | 4 (7.0%) | 2 (10.5%) | 2 (5.3%) |
| No | 377 (86.7%) | 53 (93.0%) | 17 (89.5%) | 36 (94.7%) |
| PSBI present upon admission4 | ||||
| Yes | 322 (76.0%) | 47 (82.5%) | 17 (89.5%) | 30 (79.0%) |
| No | 105 (24.0%) | 10 (17.5%) | 2 (10.5%) | 8 (21.1%) |
| Clinical signs reported by the caregiver | ||||
| History of convulsions5 | 18 (4.2%) | 3 (5.3%) | 2 (10.5%) | 1 (2.6%) |
| Cough6 | 182 (41.7%) | 17 (29.8%) | 2 (10.5%) | 15 (39.5%) |
| Difficult breathing7 | 150 (34.6%) | 22 (39.3%) | 10 (52.6%) | 12 (32.4%) |
| Unable to drink or breastfeed8 | 82 (18.9%) | 17 (29.8%) | 10 (52.6%) | 7 (18.4%) |
| Diarrhea | 42 (9.6%) | 1 (1.8%) | 1 (5.3%) | 0 |
| Vomiting | 42 (9.6%) | 3 (5.3%) | 1 (5.3%) | 2 (5.3) |
| Type of specimen | ||||
| Blood only | 266 (60.9%) | 33 (57.9%) | 12 (63.2%) | 21 (55.3%) |
| Blood and CSF | 171 (39.3%) | 24 (42.1%) | 7 (36.8%) | 17 (44.7%) |
| Meets criteria for CSF culture | 348 (79.6%) | 56 (98.3%) | 19 (100%) | 37 (97.4%) |
| CSF collected among those who have indications for collection9 | 171 (49.1%) | 24 (42.9%) | 7 (36.8%) | 17 (45.9%) |
| CSF culture positive | 53/171 (31.0%) | 15/24 (62.5%) | 5/7 (71.4%) | 10/17 (58.8%) |
| Antibiotic treatment given10 | 349 (98.6%) | 46 (95.8%) | 16 (94.1%) | 30 (96.8%) |
| Penicillin | 57/349 (16.3%) | 4/46 (8.7%) | 1/16 (6.3%) | 3/30 (10.0%) |
| Cotrimoxazole | 25/349 (7.2%) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Chloramphenicol | 15/349 (4.3%) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Gentamicin | 279/349 (79.9%) | 33/46 (71.7%) | 10/16 (62.5%) | 23/30 (76.7%) |
| Ampicillin/Amoxicillin | 257/349 (73.6%) | 36/46 (78.3%) | 11/16 (68.8%) | 25/30 (83.3%) |
| Erythromycin | 8/348 (2.3%) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cephalosporins | 90/348 (25.9%) | 15/46 (32.6%) | 8/16 (50.0%) | 7/30 (23.3%) |
| Outcome of hospital stay | ||||
| Discharged | 330 (75.5%) | 48 (84.2%) | 12 (63.2%) | 36 (94.7%) |
| Died | 51 (11.7%) | 7 (12.3%) | 6 (31.6%) | 1 (2.6%) |
| Others11 | 56 12.8%) | 2 (3.5%) | 1 (5.3%) | 1 (2.6%) |
CSF = cerebrospinal fluid. EOD = early-onset disease. GBS = group B streptococcus. IBD = invasive bacterial disease. IQR = interquartile range. LOD = late-onset disease. PSBI = possible serious bacterial infection.
1.17 missing data
2. 83 were missing data, and the percentage was calculated excluding those with missing information (9 missing for GBS: EOD 2, LOD 7).
3. 3 were missing data (none among GBS cases), and the percentage was calculated excluding those with missing information.
4.Defined as presence of either: unable to drink or breastfeed, history of convulsions, fast breathing, chest indrawing, fever (≥38.0°C), low body temperature (35.5°C<), unconscious
5. 4 were missing data (none among GBS cases), and the percentage was calculated excluding those with missing information.
6. 1 was missing data (none among GBS cases), and the percentage was calculated excluding those with missing information.
7. 3 were missing data, including 1 LOD case. The percentage was calculated excluding those with missing information.
8. 2 were missing data (none among GBS cases), and the percentage was calculated excluding those with missing information.
9.Any neonate ≤28 days or infants 28 days with any of the following: depressed or tense fontanelle; convulsions reported by the caregiver; agitated or unconscious
10. 83 were missing data on antibiotic treatment, including 9 among GBS cases (2 EOD, 1 LOD). The percentage was calculated excluding those with missing information.
11.Transferred, left against medical advice, or missing data (4 cases, none among GBS cases).