Table 3.
Baseline characteristics of all patients with newly diagnosed hypertension
| Variable | Patients with available data, n/n screened/non-screened | Screened | Non-screened | P-valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Male, n (%) | 343/3387 | 177 (51.6) | 1586 (46.8) | 0.146 |
| Age, years | 343/3387 | 53.4 (11.1) | 58.5 (13.4) | <0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2, n (%) | 222/1377 | 0.133 | ||
| ≤25 | 48 (21.6) | 383 (27.8) | ||
| >25–≤30 | 102 (45.9) | 576 (41.8) | ||
| >30 | 72 (32.4) | 418 (30.4) | ||
| Smoking status, n (%) | 172/597 | 0.841 | ||
| Current | 38 (22.1) | 135 (22.6) | ||
| Former | 56 (32.6) | 218 (36.5) | ||
| Never | 78 (45.3) | 244 (40.9) | ||
|
| ||||
| Blood pressure, mean (SD) | ||||
| Systolic BP, mmHg | 341/2880 | 163.6 (13.3) | 156.3 (11.8) | <0.001 |
| Diastolic BP, mmHg | 338/2880 | 96.3 (9.9) | 89.8 (9.5) | <0.001 |
| ABPM, mmHg | 49/229 | 154.7 (15.6) | 147.0 (12.9) | 0.001 |
| ABPMday, mmHg | 43/204 | 159.4 (15.4) | 152.1 (12.8) | 0.003 |
| Home BP, mmHg | 2/12 | 160.0 (0) | 144.0 (5.2) | – |
| Heart rate, beats/minute | 199/1659 | 75.0 (12.6) | 74.5 (12.1) | 0.742 |
|
| ||||
| Biochemical parameters | ||||
| Serum potassium, mmol/l, mean (SD) | 341/1785 | 4.42 (0.34) | 4.37 (0.37) | 0.044 |
| Serum sodium, mmol/l, mean (SD) | 341/1685 | 141.7 (2.0) | 141.9 (2.1) | 0.084 |
| Serum creatinine, µmol/l, mean (SD) | 341/1996 | 78.8 (14.6) | 78.9 (15.2) | 0.871 |
| Aldosterone, pmol/l, mean (SD) | 343/0 | 369.0 (223.8) | – | – |
| Renin, pmol/l, median (IQR) | 343/0 | 0.77 (0.58 to 1.31) | – | – |
| ARR, pmol/mU, mean (SD) | 343/0 | 31.8 (26.6) | – | – |
| Serum glucose, mmol/l, mean (SD) | 310/1786 | 5.43 (1.01) | 5.45 (0.83) | 0.546 |
|
| ||||
| Cardiovascular morbidity, n (%) | ||||
| OSAS | 343/3387 | 5 (1.5) | 41 (1.2) | 0.714 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 343/3387 | 2 (0.6) | 52 (1.5) | 0.166 |
| Stroke | 343/3387 | 2 (0.6) | 156 (4.6) | 0.003 |
| Myocardial infarction | 343/3387 | 2 (0.6) | 32 (0.9) | 0.597 |
a
P-value calculated by univariate multilevel analyses. ABPM = systolic ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. ABPMday = daytime systolic ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. ARR = aldosterone-to-renin ratio. BMI = body mass index. Home BP = home systolic blood pressure. IQR = interquartile range. OSAS = obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome. PA = primary aldosteronism. SD = standard deviation.