Table 1.

Overview of Three Clinical Trials Demonstrating Efficacy of Pycnogenol for Arthritis

	Belcaro et al.22	Cisar et al.24	Farid et al.23
	N = 156	N = 100	N = 35
% improvement	100 mg/day	150 mg/day	150 mg/day
Pain	−45%	−40%	−43%
Stiffness	−53%	−40%	−35%
Physical performance	+56%	+22%	+52%
Global score	+50%		+49%