FIG. 3.

Concentration-dependent effects of AMS on keratin expression in HaCaT cells. (A) Western blot analysis showing the keratin levels in HaCaT cells exposed to AMS (Annurca apple polyphenolic extract microencapsulated with maltodextrins, AppleMetS) (0.23 and 0.46 mg/mL) for 48 h, in the presence (left lanes) or absence of serum (right lanes), as indicated in figure. Equal amounts of proteins (70 μg) were separated on a 10% SDS–polyacrylamide gel and subjected to Western blot analysis using monoclonal anti-pan-cytokeratin antibodies that recognize human cytokeratins ranging from 68 to 40 kDa, as reported in the Materials and Methods section. Shown are blots representative of three independent experiments. (B) After chemiluminescence, the keratin bands within each lane were quantified by densitometric analysis and plotted in line graph as percentage of control. The anti-GAPDH antibody was used to standardize the amounts of proteins in each lane. Shown are the averages ± SEM values of three independent experiments. ***P < .001 versus control (untreated cells).