Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of participants.
| SZ (N = 163) | HC (N = 620) | Statistics | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Effect size, d | t or χ2 | p | |
| Age | 35.0 (16–71) | 11.6 | 34.1 (18–66) | 13.0 | 0.07 | t (781) = −0.80 | 0.42 |
| Male/Female | 91/72 | 305/315 | χ2 (1.0) = 2.27 | 0.13 | |||
| Education (years) | 14.0 | 2.6 | 15.0 | 2.1 | −0.44 | t (781) = 5.29 | 1.6 × 10 −7 |
| Premorbid IQa | 102.0 | 10.4 | 108.4 | 7.7 | −0.71 | t (773) = 8.72 | 1.8 × 10 −17 |
| Duration of illness (years) | 11.2 | 9.0 | |||||
| PANSS Positiveb | 18.9 | 5.6 | |||||
| PANSS Negativeb | 19.9 | 5.6 | |||||
| PANSS Generalb | 43.3 | 10.5 | |||||
| PANSS Totalb | 82.1 | 19.6 | |||||
| CPZ equivalent (mg/day) | 594.1 | 540.3 | |||||
aSeven patients with schizophrenia and one HC have no premorbid IQ data; bTwo patients with schizophrenia have no PANSS data. Underlining indicates p < 0.05. Age-span was shown in the brackets nearby mean age. Abbreviation: SZ, schizophrenia; HC, healthy control; SD, standard deviation; IQ, intelligence quotient; PANSS, positive and negative syndrome scale; CPZ, chlorpromazine.