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. 2018 Jan 19;8:1263. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-19750-y

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Scattered tubular cells (STC-like cells) and extracellular vesicles (EV) affect cellular injury. (A) Viability assays on PK1 tubular epithelial cells (TEC) showed that Antimycin A (AMA) reduced cell viability dose-dependently. (B) Cellular viability improved by co-cultured with STC-like cells, but not with EV or EV-free condition medium (CM-EV). (C) AMA increased Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, which decreased in STC-like cells and EV, but not CM-EV. (D) Compared to AMA alone, co-culture with STC-like cells and STC-like cells-EV partly restored energy production, but not CM-EV. (E) AMA significantly augmented DHE staining in TEC, which was reversed by STC-like cells and STC-like cells-EV, but not CM-EV. Mito-SOX showed a similar pattern in mitochondrial oxidative stress (*P < 0.05 vs PK1, #P < 0.05 vs PK1 + AMA, +P < 0.05 vs PK1 + STC-like cells, & < P < 0.05 vs PK1 + AMA + EV). (F) Immunocytochemistry staining showed that PK1 cells expressed, CD24, KIM1, and Vimentin, but not CD133 or OCT4.