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. 2018 Jan 19;8:1187. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-19459-y

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© The Author(s) 2018, corrected publication 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Developmental body-weight gain is delayed by impoverished environment. Body weight of IE animals was significantly decreased compared to that of SC rats at P12 (SC P12, n = 27; IE P12, n = 32; Two Way ANOVA, post-hoc Holm-Sidak method, p < 0.001), P18 (SC P18, n = 10; IE P18, n = 16; p < 0.05) and P21 (SC P21, n = 49; IE P21, n = 37; p < 0.001); no significant difference was found in the weight of SC and IE animals at P6 (SC P6, n = 50; IE P6, n = 36; Two Way ANOVA, post-hoc Holm-Sidak method, p = 0.35) and P28 (SC P28, n = 20; IE P28, n = 15; post-hoc Holm-Sidak method, p = 0.15). Symbols represent average values ± SEM. Error bars are smaller than the size of the symbols for most data points. Asterisks denote significant difference (*p < 0.05; ***p < 0.001).