Table 3.

Summary of study end points

End point	Operationalisation
Primary effectiveness end point
Tested for HIV in the past month	Recent HIV testing measured by asking participants when they last tested and where (in all arms of the study)
Secondary effectiveness end points
Use of HIV self-test	Measured by buying back unused HIV self-tests at the 4-month visit
Awareness of HIV status	Measured using a three-step approach: (1) asking participants if they know what their status is; (2) offering participants a small financial gift if they can correctly tell the interviewer what their HIV status is; 3) confirming HIV status with a rapid test
Linkage to care and confirmatory testing	Measured in two ways: (1) during follow-up visits, asking participants if they received confirmatory testing and linked to care; and (2) collection of referral cards linking individual HIV self-tests to individuals via a unique identification number
Sexual behaviours	Measured via CAPI, including number of sexual behaviours, event-level sexual behaviour data, and condom use with primary and casual partners
Safety end points
Misuse of HIV self-tests	Including difficulty conducting the test (ie, mistakes in taking the test, incorrect use of components of the test), difficulty reading the test Identified through interview and ongoing consultation with peer educators
Intimate partner violence	Measured through surveillance and interviews by research assistants Any intimate partner violence (including verbal, physical or sexual) will be documented and reported

CAPI, computer-assisted personal interview.