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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Jan 20.
Published in final edited form as: J Cell Physiol. 2013 Jan;228(1):225–234. doi: 10.1002/jcp.24126

Figure 3. Correlation of positive α-SMA/S100A4 expression and activation of Smad-mediated signaling.

Figure 3

P15 clones were immunostained with α-SMA and S100A4 for evidence of EMT, and this correlated with Smad4 as a marker for activation of TGF-β signaling activation. The results showed that α-SMA-positive cells were not found in the center (A) or the mid-periphery (B), but only observed in the periphery of the clone (C). S100A4 was weakly expressed in the cytoplasm by cells in the center (D), but it gradually moved into the nucleus in cells in the mid-periphery (E), and then became universally nuclear in the periphery of the clone (F). Double labeling showed some cells co-expressing both α-SMA and S100A4 (F, inset). Smad4 expression was weak in the cytoplasm in the center (G) and became nuclear in some cells of the mid-periphery (H), but all cells in the periphery of the clone expressed Smad4 (I). Bar represents 50 μm.