Figure 3.

Antinociceptive effect of N alone and in combination in the mouse hot plate test. Paw withdrawal latency in mice was recorded following treatment with different doses of N alone (3.5 and 7 mg/kg, i.v.) and in combination with A (1.75 N + 30 A, 3.5 N + 60 A and 7 N + 120 A mg/kg, i.v.). Latency was assessed at 15, 30, 45 and 60 min after drug administration. Data are expressed as the mean ± standard error of the mean, n=9–10 per group. *P<0.05 and **P<0.01 vs. N.S. control at the same time point; ^##P<0.01 vs. 7 N group at 30 min. A, acetaminophen; N, nefopam; N.S., normal saline; i.v., intravenous.