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Free energy diagrams for the abiotic synthesis of the ribonucleosides (A) adenosine, (B) cytidine, (C) inosine, and (D) uridine. The condensation occurs between ribose and phosphoric acid to generate Rib-1-P. The salvage reaction occurs between Rib-1-P and nucleobase to generate the corresponding ribonucleoside. The ΔG values in bulk solution (blue lines) are positive, whereas in microdroplets (red lines) they are negative.
