Fig. 3.

Activation of AMPK signaling by anthocyanins in the differentiated 3T3-L1 cells. The proteins were isolated from cells grown under the same conditions (as shown in Fig. 2), and the cellular proteins were separated electrophoretically using SDS-polyacrylamide gels, and transferred onto membranes. The total protein levels of AMPK and ACC, and their phosphorylated states (p-AMPK and p-ACC, respectively) were determined using the indicated antibodies and an ECL detection system. Actin was used as an internal control. The relative ratios of the phosphorylation types relative to the total protein amounts in the results of the Western blotting are presented at the bottom. The data were expressed as the mean ± SD of three independent experiments (*p< 0.05, vs. undifferentiated control).