Fig. 4.

Effects of LPS pretreatment on the Con A-induced production of cytokines in EL4 cells. (A) Cytokine; (B) IFN-γ/IL-10 ratio. EL4 cells were pretreated with concentrations of LPS 50 pg/mL or LPS 50 ng/mL in refresh complete media once a day for 3ds consequently and the cells were then cultured for 24 hr with refresh complete media in the presence or absence of Con A 10 μg/mL. These experiments were run in tetraplicate and repeated at least twice. Each value represents the mean ± SE. *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01. Significantly different from the value in each vehicle. ^#p < 0.05. Significantly different from the value in positive control.