Fig. 1.

The 3D MT crossings and cargo navigational outcomes. (A) Illustration of in vitro 3D MT crossing with a cargo undergoing ToW and its possible outcomes. Bead handles (large spheres) are permanently bound to MTs (blue and red). They are held in 3D via holographically defined optical traps (light pink cones). MT plus ends are indicated (+). For clarity, we only depict two motors on the cargo (small bead), engaged on either MT. Navigational outcomes consist of the cargo moving on either MT toward the plus end (both cases shown), and the switch/pass classification of each outcome is indicated with labeled arrows. (B) Switching probabilities as a function of 3D MT arrangement. Higher switch rates are highlighted by a darker background. Significant differences (P < 0.05, Barnard’s test) are indicated by links.