Table 1.
Baseline characteristics by randomization arm
| All subjects (n=181) Median (IQR)/n (%) |
Urgent arm (n=90) Median (IQR)/n (%) |
Post-stabilization arm (n=91) Median (IQR)/n (%) |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Infant sociodemographic | |||
|
| |||
| Age (years) | 1·9 (0·8, 4·8) | 2·0 (0·9, 6·0) | 1·9 (0·8, 4·5) |
| Female | 81/181 (45) | 40/90 (44) | 41/91 (45) |
| Primary caregiver mother | 169/181 (93) | 85/90 (94) | 84/91 (92) |
|
| |||
| Nutrition characteristics | |||
|
| |||
| WAZ scorea | −2·7 (−4·0, −1·6) | −2·7 (−3·8, −1·6) | −2·6 (4·3, −1·7) |
| WAZ <-2 | 113/175 (65) | 58/87 (67) | 55/88 (63) |
| WAZ <-3 | 75/175 (43) | 38/87 (44) | 37/88 (42) |
| HAZ scoreb | −2·4 (−3·5, −1·2) | −2·4 (−3·4, −1·4) | −2·4 (−3·5, −1·2) |
| WHZ scorec | −1·8 (−3·2, −0·3) | −2·0 (−3·2, −0·4) | −1·8 (−3·2, −0·2) |
|
| |||
| Morbidity at hospitalization | |||
| Enrollment diagnosis | |||
|
| |||
| Pneumonia | 118/181 (65) | 61/90 (68) | 57/91 (63) |
| Malnutrition | 58/181 (32) | 27/90 (30) | 31/91 (34) |
| Anemia | 42/181 (23) | 23/90 (26) | 19/91 (21) |
| Dehydration | 38/180 (21) | 13/89 (15)* | 25/91 (27)* |
| Malaria | 36/180 (20) | 19/89 (21) | 17/91 (19) |
| Gastroenteritis | 29/181 (16) | 10/90 (11) | 19/91 (21) |
| Suspected TB | 27/179 (15) | 14/88 (16) | 13/91 (14) |
| Other | 43/181 (24) | 24/90 (27) | 19/91 (21) |
| Previously hospitalized | 64/180 (36) | 34/90 (38) | 30/90 (33) |
| WHO stage III and IV | 124/180 (69) | 62/89 (70) | 62/91 (68) |
| Clinical status at enrollment | |||
| Oxygen saturation pO2 less than 92% | 44/158 (28) | 26/78 (33) | 18/80 (23) |
| On IV antibotics | 115/146 (79) | 54/73 (74) | 61/73 (84) |
| Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) | 35/157 (22) | 17/79 (22) | 18/78 (23) |
| Edematous SAM | 5/35 (14) | 2/17 (12) | 3/18 (17) |
|
| |||
| Immunologic and hematologic | |||
|
| |||
| CD4%d | 15 (9, 22) | 13 (9, 18)* | 17 (9, 24)* |
| CD4% <5% | 30/180 (17) | 14/89 (16) | 16/91 (18) |
| CD4% <15% | 92/180 (51) | 53/89 (60)* | 39/91 (43)* |
| Severely immunosuppressed | |||
| Less than two years: CD4%<25% | 76/93 (82) | 38/44 (86) | 38/49 (78) |
| Two to five years: CD4 <20% | 33/43 (77) | 17/21 (81) | 16/22 (73) |
| >five years: CD4 <15 | 28/44 (64) | 16/24 (67) | 12/20 (60) |
| CD4 count (cells/μL)d | 699 (288, 1227) | 671 (330, 1210) | 790 (238, 1328) |
| Total lymphocyte count(cells/μL) | 5050 (3090, 7820) | 5170 (3230 to 7940) | 4845 (2950 to 7030) |
| Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 8·8 (7·4, 9·8) | 8·6 (7·2, 9·6) | 8·9 (7·7, 10·0) |
|
| |||
| Virologic | |||
|
| |||
| Log10 HIV RNAe | 5·7 (5·0, 6·3) | 5·8 (5·1, 6·4) | 5·6 (5·0, 6·1) |
|
| |||
| PMTCT history | |||
|
| |||
| Mother HIV + diagnosed in pregnancyl | 58/172 (34) | 23/87 (26)* | 35/85 (41)* |
| Maternal ART initiated in pregnancym | 32/99 (32) | 13/45 (29) | 19/54 (35) |
| Mother on ART prior to pregnancy (known HIV+) | 39/73 (53) | 20/32 (63) | 19/41 (46) |
a
n=175 (WAZ could not be calculated for six children aged over ten years age)
b
n=178
c
n=136 (calculated only for under five year-olds)
d
n=180
e
n=165
*
p less than 0·05