Table 2. Multivariate Cox regression modeling to identify risk factors for the progression of AdvPC into CRPC.
| Variable | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P | HR (95% CI) | P | |
| Type of operation (RP vs. TUR–P) | 8.02 (3.277–19.631) | <0.001 | 3.572 (1.074–11.882) | 0.038 |
| PSA (<20 vs. ≥20 ng/mL) | 4.718 (1.407–15.82) | 0.012 | ||
| Lymph node or distant metastasis (no vs. yes) | 8.322 (2.831–24.462) | <0.001 | 7.076 (1.435–34.886) | 0.016 |
| Gleason score (7 vs. 8–10) | 3.892 (1.451–10.439) | 0.007 | ||
| SPINK1 expression (lower vs. higher)* | 3.84 (1.404–10.503) | 0.009 | 4.506 (1.175–17.29) | 0.028 |
| SP8 expression (lower vs. higher)* | 0.256 (0.101–0.646) | 0.004 | 0.199 (0.063–0.632) | 0.006 |
Abbreviations: AdvPC, advanced prostate cancer; CRPC, castration-resistant prostate cancer; CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; PSA, prostate-specific antigen; RP, radical prostatectomy; TUR–P, transurethral resection of the prostate.
*Expressions of gene were divided by medial value.