Table 3. Changes in equipment, multidisciplinary approach, and workforce of neonatal care according to the regions.

Characteristic	Year	Regiona					Total
		1	2	3	4	5
No. of ventilator	2009	228	129	68	128	43	596
	2015	239	163	92	196	59	749
Ventilator/10,000 births	2009	25.4	9.3	11.5	11.8	9.7	13.6
	2015	28.8	11.7	15.4	17.9	14.2	17.3
No. of iNO available hospitals	2009	14	7	7	10	1	39
	2015	18	10	8	14	2	52
iNO available hospitals (%)	2009	47	33	78	48	13	44
	2015	64	45	80	74	25	60
No. of cardiologists available hospitals	2009	27	16	9	17	6	75
	2015	21	14	8	16	6	65
Cardiologists available hospitals (%)	2009	90	80	100	81	75	84
	2015	75	67	80	84	75	76
No. of in-NICU US available hospitals	2011	20	12	7	10	5	54
	2015	19	13	7	15	8	62
In-NICU US available hospitals (%)	2011	71	57	78	50	71	64
	2015	68	62	70	79	100	72
No. of aEEG available hospitals	2011	2	3	2	1	1	9
	2015	11	10	7	10	6	44
aEEG available hospitals (%)	2011	7	14	22	5	14	11
	2015	39	48	70	53	75	51
No. of hypothermia therapy available hospitals	2011	6	2	2	1	0	11
	2015	12	11	6	8	4	41
Hypothermia therapy available hospitals (%)	2011	21	10	22	5	0	13
	2015	43	50	60	42	50	48
No. of PDA operation available hospitals	2011	21	14	8	16	5	64
	2015	21	14	8	14	5	62
PDA operation available hospitals (%)	2011	75	67	89	80	71	72
	2015	75	64	80	74	63	71
No. of NEC/SIP operation available hospitals	2011	20	11	8	15	5	59
	2015	18	14	7	15	5	59
NEC/SIP operation available hospitals (%)	2011	71	52	89	75	71	66
	2015	64	64	70	79	63	68
No. of EVD operation available hospitals	2011	19	15	9	16	5	64
	2015	20	16	7	13	5	61
EVD operation available hospitals (%)	2011	68	71	100	80	71	72
	2015	71	73	70	68	63	70
No. of neonatologists	2009	40	17	11	20	6	94
	2015	58	23	13	25	11	130
Neonatologists/10,000 births	2009	4.5	1.2	1.9	1.8	1.4	2.1
	2015	7.0	1.7	2.2	2.3	2.6	3.0
Neonatologists/a bed	2009	0.08	0.07	0.07	0.07	0.07	0.08
	2015	0.10	0.06	0.06	0.07	0.08	0.08
No. of NICU nurses	2009	511	261	131	318	83	1,304
	2015	654	375	236	385	123	1,773
NICU nurses/10,000 births	2009	57.0	18.9	22.1	29.4	18.7	29.7
	2015	78.8	27.0	39.6	35.1	29.6	41.0
NICU nurses/a bed	2009	1.07	1.03	0.89	1.15	0.98	1.05
	2015	1.11	0.99	1.05	1.06	0.90	1.05

iNO = inhaled nitric oxide, PDA = patent ductus arteriosus, NEC = necrotizing enterocolitis, SIP = spontaneous intestinal perforation, EVD = extraventricular drainage, aEEG = amplitude-integrated electroencephalogram, NICU = neonatal intensive care unit.

^a1: Seoul, 2: Incheon and Gyeonggi province, 3: Chungcheong and Gangwon province, 4: Gyeongsang province, and 5: Jeolla province.