Table 1. Baseline characteristics of the study population and the GRACE risk score derivation cohort.
| Variable | Total (N = 726) | STEMI (N = 404) | NSTEMI (N = 322) | GRACE RS cohort (N = 11389) |
| Age (years)* | 71 (58, 76) | 68 (55, 75) | 73 (63, 77) | 66 (56, 75) |
| Sex (%) | ||||
| Male | 82.9 | 88.9 | 74.8 | 66.5 |
| Female | 17.1 | 11.1 | 15.2 | 33.5 |
| Risk factors (%) | ||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 36 | 29.2 | 44.7 | 23.3 |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 17.8 | 14.9 | 21.4 | 43.6 |
| Hypertension | 64.2 | 55.0 | 75.8 | 57.8 |
| Smoking | 43.8 | 51.0 | 34.7 | 56.7 |
| Previous history (%) | ||||
| Myocardial infarction | 11.1 | 7.2 | 16.1 | 32.0 |
| Myocardial revascularization | 15.2 | 6.4 | 26.1 | 22.0 |
| PCI | 10.7 | 5.2 | 17.7 | 14.0 |
| CABG | 4.4 | 1.2 | 8.4 | 8.0 |
| Peripheral arterial disease | 4.7 | 1.5 | 8.7 | 10.3 |
| TIA/stroke | 11.9 | 7.4 | 17.4 | 8.3 |
| Previous medication (%) | ||||
| ASA | 17.6 | 8.4 | 29.2 | 43.0 |
| ACE inhibitors/ARBs | 35.4 | 26.2 | 47.0 | 26.0 |
| Statins | 14.1 | 7.2 | 22.8 | 20.4 |
| On admission | ||||
| Heart rate (beat/min)* | 82 (67, 101) | 77 (65, 96) | 88 (74, 106) | 76 (65, 90) |
| Systolic BP (mmHg)* | 129 (108, 150) | 123 (104, 147) | 136 (113, 156) | 140 (120, 160) |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg)* | 71 (61, 85) | 71 (59, 84) | 72 (64, 86) | 80 (70, 90) |
| Serum creatinine (mg/dL)* | 1.2 (1.0, 1.7) | 1.2 (1.0, 1.5) | 1.4 (1.1, 2.1) | 1.0 (0.9, 1.2) |
| Killip class (%) | ||||
| I | 56.3 | 56.7 | 55.9 | 82.7 |
| II | 20.7 | 20.8 | 20.5 | 13.2 |
| III | 13.4 | 8.9 | 19.3 | 3.1 |
| IV | 9.6 | 13.6 | 4.3 | 1.0 |
| ST-segment depression ≥ 1 mm for NSTEMI (%) | 64.1 | 33.7 | ||
| Initial Tn I ≥ 0.1 ng/mL (%) | 84.4 | 79.0 | 91.3 | 31.6 |
| GRACE score* | 164 (134, 197) | 164 (136, 190) | 165 (133, 204) | - |
| In-hospital mortality, n (%) | 50 (6.9) | 27 (6.7) | 23 (7.1) | - |
| 6-month mortality, n (%) | 72 (9.9) | 36 (9.6) | 36 (12.2) | - |
| 1-year mortality, n (%) | 87 (12.0) | 40 (10.8) | 47 (16.4) | - |
| 3-year mortality, n (%) | 128 (17.6) | 50 (14.0) | 78 (27.9) | - |
ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; ARBs, angiotensin II receptor blockers; ASA, aspirin; BP, blood pressure; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; GRACE, Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events; NSTEMI, non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; STEMI, ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; TIA, transient ischemic attack; TIA, transient ischemic stroke.
* Median (percentile 25th, 75th).