Figure 2.

Time series of interferon-g (IFN-γ)-primed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced gene expression in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). (A) Heat map representation depicting the expression of early, middle, and late upregulated positive regulators of inflammatory genes in BMDMs after IFN-γ-primed LPS stimulation (P ≤ 0.01 and log₂-fold change ≥ 1.5). (B) validation of early (TNF-α), middle (CXCL10), and late (CCL5), upregulated genes by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in BMDMs. The TNF-α, CXCL10, and CCL5 genes were significantly upregulated in IFN-γ-primed LPS-stimulated BMDMs. Gene expression was normalized to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase transcript levels. **P < 0.001 compared with the control. The data represent three independent biological experiments. (C) Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) results showing C5 gene ontology (GO) terms collections of the GSEA molecular signatures database (MSigDB) v6.1 in early, middle, and late upregulated positive regulators of inflammatory genes in BMDMs. The top GO terms are ranked by the normalized enrichment score (NES).