Table 4.
Prevalence of refugee-related PTEs and their associations with anxiety, depression, low SWB and PTSD presented as odds rations (ORs) with 95% CIs (95% CI)
% (n) | Weighted % (95% CI)* |
Anxiety OR (95% CI)* |
Depression OR (95% CI)* |
Low SWB OR (95% CI)* |
PTSD OR (95% CI)* |
|
War at close quarters | 86.9 (1036) | 85.1 (82.9 to 87.5) | 1.56 (1.01 to 2.42) | 1.86 (1.23 to 2.80) | 1.57 (1.05 to 2.35) | 2.22 (1.38 to 3.57) |
Forced separation from family or close friends | 69.4 (817) | 67.9 (65.2 to 70.9) | 2.33 (1.77 to 3.21) | 2.41 (2.80 to 3.23) | 1.98 (1.49 to 2.65) | 2.91 (2.09 to 4.06) |
Loss or disappearance of family member(s) or loved one(s) | 64.3 (756) | 64.3 (61.3 to 67.3) | 2.11 (1.57 to 2.82) | 1.92 (1.46 to 2.52) | 1.55 (1.18 to 2.04) | 3.38 (1.75 to 3.25) |
Physical violence or assault | 30.5 (351) | 30.9 (28.1 to 33.5) | 3.47 (2.53 to 4.76) | 3.39 (2.52 to 4.54) | 2.01 (1.50 to 2.70) | 3.96 (2.89 to 5.43) |
Witnessing physical violence or assault | 63.3 (740) | 63.1 (60.0 to 66.1) | 2.41 (1.79 to 3.24) | 2.53 (1.91 to 3.35) | 2.04 (1.54 to 2.70) | 3.57 (2.60–4.90) |
Torture | 30.6 (354) | 31.0 (28.3 to 33.9) | 2.91 (2.5 to 3.26) | 2.14 (1.61 to 2.84) | 1.64 (1.24 to 2.19) | 2.89 (2.14 to 3.91) |
Sexual violence | 6.9 (78) | 7.1 (5.5 to 8.6) | 3.36 (1.94 to 5.83) | 2.67 (1.61 to 4.44) | 2.02 (1.20 to 3.38) | 3.18 (2.24 to 6.48) |
Other frightening situation where you felt your life was in danger | 80.6 (954) | 79.4 (76.9 to 81.7) | 2.90 (1.91 to 4.39) | 3.31 (2.28 to 4.80) | 3.38 (2.33 to 4.90) | 6.18 (3.80 to 10.03) |
*All analyses are weighted and associations are adjusted for gender, age groups, level of education and marital status. The reference categories are not exposed to the respective refugee-related PTEs. 95% CIs are based on robust SEs.
PTE, potentially traumatic event; PTSD, post-traumatic stress disorder; SWB, subjective well-being.