Table 5.
Risk of mistreatment subtypes and associated factors. Logistic regression models: multivariate with all the variables and multivariate with significant variables
| Physical/psychological | Neglect | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Multivariate LRa Enter Method |
Multivariate LR Final Modeld |
Multivariate LR Enter Method |
Multivariate LR Final Modele |
||
| Variables | ORb (IC95%c) | OR (IC95%) | OR (IC95%) | OR (IC95%) | |
| Gender, caregiver | Male | 1 | 1 | ||
| Female | 0.94 (0.55-1.62) | 0.96 (0.60-1.56) | |||
| Age, caregiver | 20-44 y | 1 | 1 | ||
| 45-64 y | 0.72 (0.31-1.69) | 1.50 (0.68-3.28) | |||
| 65-74 y | 0.91 (0.37-2.22) | 0.96 (0.42-2.19) | |||
| 75+ y. | 0.56 (0.22-1.40) | 1.71 (0.74-3.96) | |||
| Gender, care-recipient | Male | 1 | 1 | ||
| Female | 1.04 (0.67-1.61) | 0.91 (0.61-1.34) | |||
| Age, care-recipient | < 80 y. | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| 80-89 y | 0.76 (0.46-1.26) | 0.57 (0.36-0.89) | 0.64 (0.43-0.95) | ||
| 90+ y. | 0.54 (0.31-0.95) | 0.55 (0.33-0.90) | 0.52 (0.33-0.81) | ||
| Previous relationship | Good/Very good | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| Fair | 2.17 (1.22-3.85) | 2.19 (1.25-3.85) | 0.99 (0.58-1.69) | ||
| Poor/Very poor | 6.90 (1.38-34.5) | 7.49 (1.57-35.8) | 1.43 (0.45-4.57) | ||
| Positive aspects of caregiving scale | 1st quartile (min) | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| 2nd quartile | 0.81 (0.48-1.36) | 0.54 (0.34-0.88) | 0.51 (0.32-0.81) | ||
| 3rd quartile | 0.56 (0.32-0.98) | 1.10 (0.66-1.85) | 1.04 (0.63-1.73) | ||
| 4th quartile (max) | 0.60 (0.35-1.04) | 0.66 (0.41-1.08) | 0.64 (0.40-1.03) | ||
| Has someone to count on | No | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 1.31 (0.84-2.05) | 1.14 (0.76-1.71) | |||
| Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire | Intact cognition | 1 | 1 | ||
| Mild Impairment | 1.65 (0.89-3.07) | 0.98 (0.56-1.72) | |||
| Moderate Impairment | 1.27 (0.71-2.25) | 0.97 (0.58-1.62) | |||
| Severe Impairment | 1.65 (0.94-2.88) | 0.73 (0.45-1.20) | |||
| Barthel Index | Moderate dependence | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| Severe dependence | 0.74 (0.46-1.18) | 0.75 (0.48-1.19) | 0.71 (0.46-1.08) | ||
| Total dependence | 0.49 (0.31-0.79) | 0.58 (0.37-0.88) | 0.98 (0.64-1.47) | ||
| Goldberg depression | No | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 0.61 (0.39-0.96) | 0.64 (0.41-0.99) | 1.50 (1.02-2.20) | 1.51 (1.04-2.19) | |
| Goldberg Anxiety | No | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1.92 (1.23-3.02) | 2.01 (1.31-3.10) | 1.91 (1.30-2.80) | 1.81 (1.25-2.63) | |
| Zarit Burden Scale | No burden | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Burden | 2.27 (1.38-3.71) | 2.33 (1.46-3.72) | 2.70 (1.82-4.03) | 2.63 (1.79-3.87) | |
| Caregivers’ perception of aggressive behavior in the care recipient | No | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 8.39 (5.62-12.5) | 8.15 (5.54-11.9) | 1.55 (1.10-2.19) | 1.62 (1.16-2.26) | |
aLR Logistic regression, bOR Odds Ratio, cIC95% 95% confidence interval. dForward conditional approach Hosmer & Lemeshow test sig:0.95; N = 788. eForward conditional approach Hosmer & Lemeshow test sig:0.26; N = 788
Positive aspects of caregiving scale of 9 items (range 5 to 45). Higher scores indicate greater perceived PAC
Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire of 10 items (range 0 from 10). Higher scores indicate worse mental status
Barthel Index. Values range from 0 (completely dependent) to 100 (completely Independent)
Goldberg depression of 9 items (range from 0 to 9). Values ≥2 have 50% chance of having clinically important disturbance. Goldberg Anxiety of 9 items (range from 0 to 9). Values ≥5 have 50% chance of having clinically important disturbance
Zarit Burden Scale of 9 items. Values range from 5 to 45. Higher scores indicate more burden