Table 2.
Sensitivity, Specificity, PPV, NPV, and LR I and their 95% Confidence Interval (CI) for UTI signs and symptoms
| Sensitivity | Specificity | PPVa | NPVb | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fever | 0.27 (0.12 - 0.46) | 0.84 (0.64 - 0.95) | 0.67 (0.35 - 0.90) | 0.49 (0.33 - 0.65) |
| Hematuria | 0.10 (0.02 - 0.27) | 0.84 (0.64 - 0.95) | 0.43 (0.10 - 0.82) | 0.44 (0.29 - 0.59) |
| Cloudy Urine | 0.33 (0.17 - 0.53) | 0.84 (0.64 - 0.95) | 0.71 (0.42 - 0.92) | 0.51 (0.35 - 0.67) |
| Foul Smelling Urine | 0.50 (0.31 - 0.69) | 0.68 (0.46 - 0.85) | 0.65 (0.43 - 0.84) | 0.53 (0.35 - 0.71) |
| New onset of Incontinence | 0.20 (0.08 - 0.39) | 0.88 (0.69 - 0.97) | 0.67 (0.30 - 0.93) | 0.48 (0.33 - 0.63) |
| Increased Spasticity | 0.17 (0.06 - 0.35) | 0.80 (0.59 - 0.93) | 0.50 (0.19 - 0.81) | 0.44 (0.30 - 0.60) |
| WBCc in Urine | 0.13 (0.04, 0.31) | 0.84 (0.64, 0.95) | 0.50 (0.16, 0.84) | 0.45 (0.30, 0.60) |
| Fever & Foul-Smelling Urine | 0.10 (0.02 - 0.27) | 0.92 (0.74 - 0.99) | 0.60 (0.15 - 0.95) | 0.46 (0.32 - 0.61) |
| Cloudy & Foul-Smelling Urine | 0.23 (0.10 - 0.42) | 0.92 (0.74 - 0.99) | 0.78 (0.40 - 0.97) | 0.50 (0.35 - 0.65) |
aPositive Predictive value bNegative predictive value cWhite Blood Cell