Table 2.
Baseline Characteristics in Patients With and Without Periodic Breathing
| CSR‐PSG | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| <20% | ≥20% to <50% | ≥50% | |
| N (%) | 915 (59) | 349 (22) | 293 (19) |
| Age, y | 67±11a | 69±10 | 70±9b |
| Female, n (%) | 154 (17)a | 33 (9) | 17 (6)b |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 30±5a | 28±4 | 29±5b |
| LVEF, % | 34±8a | 33±8 | 33±8b |
| NYHA class III+IV, n (%) | 656 (72) | 249 (71) | 207 (71) |
| Ischemic cardiomyopathy, n (%) | 484 (53) | 193 (55) | 171 (58) |
| Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 250 (27)a | 126 (36) | 104 (35)b |
| Medication, n (%) | |||
| ACE inhibitors and/or ARBs | 817 (89) | 313 (90) | 267 (91) |
| β‐Blockers | 805 (88) | 320 (92)b | 273 (93) |
| Diuretics | 733 (80) | 296 (85) | 237 (81) |
| Digitalis | 156 (17) | 74 (21) | 61 (21) |
| Aldosterone antagonists | 413 (45) | 172 (49) | 129 (44) |
| Polysomnography | |||
| AHI, per h | 35±18a | 36±14c | 43±14b |
| cAHI, per h | 11±13a | 26±14c | 35±13b |
| AI, per h | 19±17a | 20±15c | 30±17b |
| cAHI/AHI, % | 34±33a | 73±22c | 82±15b |
| Mean Sao 2, %d | 93±3 | 93±2 | 92±3 |
| Minimum Sao 2, %d | 79±8a | 81±6c | 79±9 |
| Time with Sao 2<90%, mine | 52±72 | 49±64c | 68±79b |
| Awake pco 2, mm Hg | 38±5a | 37±4 | 36±5b |
Values are mean±SD or number of patients (%). P‐values from ANOVA for metric variables and logistic regression for dichotomous variables; groupwise comparisons only in case of global significance (P<0.05). ACE indicates angiotensin‐converting enzyme; AHI, apnea‐hypopnea index; AI, apnea index; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; cAHI, central AHI; CSR‐PSG, Cheyne‐Stokes respiration on polysomnography; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; NYHA, New York Heart Association; pco 2, partial pressure of carbon dioxide; Sao 2, oxygen saturation.
P<0.05 <20% CSR‐PSG vs ≥20% to <50% CSR‐PSG.
P<0.05 ≥50% CSR‐PSG vs <20% CSR‐PSG.
P<0.05 ≥20% to <50% CSR‐PSG vs ≥50% CSR‐PSG.
Values missing for 1 patient with OSA.
Values missing for 6 patients with OSA, 1 patient with OSA‐CSA, and 5 patients with CSA.