Table 2.
Demographics and clinical features of 64 patients with pandemic H1N1 2009 influenza virus infection
| Characteristics | Uncomplicated (n = 46) | Complicated (n = 18) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic | |||
| Age (mean ± SD), years | 26·8 ± 10·2 | 42·0 ± 17·7 | <0·001 |
| Male gender | 18 (39%) | 12 (67%) | 0·05 |
| Pregnancy | 0 | 0 | |
| BMI ≥35 | 0 | 0 | |
| Influenza vaccination | 7 (15%) | 0 | 0·08 |
| Underlying disease | |||
| DM | 0 | 1 (6%) | 0·28 |
| Hypertension | 1 (2%) | 2 (11%) | 0·19 |
| Cardiac diseases | 0 | 2 (11%) | 0·08 |
| Chronic lung disease | 1 (2%) | 2 (11%) | 0·19 |
| Chronic renal disease | 0 | 2 (11%) | 0·08 |
| Liver cirrhosis | 1 (2%) | 2 (11%) | 0·19 |
| Malignancy | 1 (2%) | 2 (11%) | 0·19 |
| Smoking | 5 (11%) | 3 (17%) | 0·68 |
| Systemic corticosteroid use | 0 | 2 (11%) | 0·08 |
| Any of the above | 9 (20%) | 9 (50%) | 0·02 |
| Presenting symptom | |||
| Myalgia | 35 (76%) | 7 (39%) | 0·005 |
| Headache | 36 (78%) | 8 (44%) | 0·009 |
| Altered consciousness | 0 | 4 (22%) | 0·005 |
| Rhinorrhea | 33 (72%) | 11 (61%) | 0·41 |
| Cough | 44 (96%) | 14 (78%) | 0·05 |
| Sputum production | 25 (54%) | 15 (83%) | 0·04 |
| Sore throat | 31 (67%) | 14 (78%) | 0·55 |
| Chest pain | 3 (7%) | 8 (44%) | 0·001 |
| Dyspnea | 11 (24%) | 14 (78%) | <0·001 |
| Nausea and vomiting | 6 (13%) | 8 (44%) | 0·006 |
| Abdominal pain | 4 (9%) | 4 (22%) | 0·21 |
| Diarrhea | 4 (9%) | 5 (28%) | 0·10 |
| Laboratory finding (mean ± SD) | |||
| WBC (cells/μl) | 5904 ± 1573 | 6234 ± 2662 | 0·55 |
| Lymphocyte (cells/μl) | 1555 ± 764 | 741 ± 418 | <0·001 |
| Platelet (K/μl) | 209 ± 69 | 172 ± 56 | 0·06 |
| Creatinine kinase (U/l) | 99 ± 74 | 468 ± 474 | <0·001 |
| C‐reactive protein (mg/dl) | 1·2 ± 0·9 | 10·7 ± 11·3 | <0·001 |
| RIDT positivity | 42 (91%) | 12 (67%) | 0·02 |
| Mean initial viral load (log10 copies/μl) | 3·4 ± 1·6 | 1·9 ± 1·7 | 0·02 |
| Days from fever to seeking medical help | 2·1 ± 0·7 | 3·6 ± 2·6 | 0·001 |
| Days from fever to oseltamivir use | 2·2 ± 0·8 | 4·5 ± 3·9 | <0·001 |
| Days to defervescence (mean ± SD) | 2·6 ± 1·3 | 5·3 ± 3·9 | <0·001 |
BMI, body mass index; DM, diabetes mellitus; WBC, white blood cell; RIDT, rapid influenza diagnostic test.