Table II.
Expression and function of CCNl/Cyr61 in female reproductive tumors.
| Author, Year | Female reproductive tumors | Expression level | Function | (Refs.) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arslan, 2005; Di Tommaso, 2013; Wallace, 2014 | UL | Downregulated | Suppressor of UL | (50–52) |
| Zhao, 2014; Klein, 2012 | EMT | Upregulated by estrogen or HIF-α | Promoter of EMT cell proliferation, generation of vasculature | (53–54) |
| Chien, 2004; Fournier, 2014 | EC | Downregulated in endometrial tumors; Up-regulated in PCOS | Suppress growth of endometrial correlated with patient survival | (55–56) |
| Joy, 2014; Xie, 2012 | Cervical cancer | Downregulated | Target therapy, clinical diagnosis | (57,58) |
| Bartel, 2012; Lee, 2012; Lin, 2014 | Ovarian cancer | Upregulated | Promotes ovarian cancer cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis, associated with lymph node metastases | (59–61) |
Cyr61/CCN1, cysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61; UL, uterine leiomyoma; EMT, endometriosis; EC, endometrial cancer; PCOS, polycystic ovarian syndrome; HIF-α, hypoxia-inducible factor- α.