Table 1.

Summary of the basic information.

Author	Year	Country	Study Object	SG (n/hip)	Age	Sex,M/F	CG (n/hip)	Age	Sex,M/F
Animal studies
Kim HK(1)	2005	USA	piglet	8	4–5 w	male	8	4–5 w	male
Aya-ay J	2007	Germany	piglet	5	6–9 w	male	4	6–9 w	male
Vandermeer JS	2011	USA	piglet	5	6–8 w	male	5	6–8 w	male
Kim HK (2)	2014	USA	piglet	6	6–8 w	male	6	6–8 w	male
Cheng TL	2014	Australia	piglet	4	6–8 w	male	4	6–8 w	male
Zou Y	2015	USA	piglet	6	2–3 w	male	9	2–3 w	male
Aruwajoye OO	2016	USA	Piglet	10	5–8 w	male	10	5–8 w	Male
Little DG(1)	2003	Australia	Rat	16	14 w	female	8	14 w	Female
Little DG(2)	2005	Australia	Rat	32	4 w	female	16	4 w	Female
Fan M	2012	China	Rat	8	NR	male	8	NR	Male
Xu XL	2015	China	Rat	10	8 w	male	10	8 w	male
Hofstaetter JG	2009	USA	Rabbit	15	10–12 m	male	15	10–12 m	Male
Xu XL	2015	China	Rat	10	8 w	male	10	8 w	male
Xie XW	2013	China	Rat	30	8 w	unlimited	30	8 w	unlimited
Tan G	2013	China	Rat	60	8 w	unlimited	60	8 w	unlimited
Xin DS(1)	2014	China	Rat	15	NR	male	15	NR	male
Xin DS(2)	2014	China	Rat	15	NR	male	15	NR	male
Clinical studies
Wang CJ	2008	Taiwan	Human	23/30	35.7 ± 4.7y	13/10	25/30	38.6 ± 12.6y	20/5
Chen CH	2012	Taiwan	Human	26/32	48.4 ± 11.4y	22/4	26/33	44.2 ± 9.2y	19/7
Nishii T	2006	Japan	Human	14/20	48y	07/7	Aug-13	36y	07/1
Lai KA	2005	Taiwan	Human	20/29	42.6y	NR	20/25	42.4y	NR
Lee YK	2015	Korea	Human	55/55	43.8 ± 11.8y	39/1	55/55	45.2 ± 11.6y	41/1
Kang P	2012	China	Human	39/55	43.8y	6	40/52	45.3y	4
Gao yan	2016	China	Human	32/32	23–55y	37/18	32/32	23–55y	35/17
						21/11			22/10

SG: study group or bisphosphonates group; CG: control group. unlimited means animal gender is not limited. n/hip: animal number/hip number. w- weeks. y: years old. m: month. NR: not report.