Table 3.
Association of Age Group With Risk of LTFU and Death Among (Older vs Younger) HIV-Infected Nigerians Initiating First-Line ART
| LTFU | Died | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | ||
| Characteristic | AHR (95% CI) | AHR (95% CI) | AHR (95% CI) | AHR (95% CI) | AHR (95% CI) |
| Age group, | |||||
| years | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Young (15–49) Older (≥50) |
0.74 (0.58–0.93)a | 1.38 (0.70–2.71) | 1.32 (0.70–2.46) | 0.74 (0.47–1.16) | 0.67 (0.48–0.95)a |
| Sex, Male | 1.20 (1.06–1.36)a | 1.92 (1.24–2.98)a | 1.12 (0.76–1.64) | 1.50 (1.19–1.90)b | 1.26 (1.06–1.49)a |
| No formal education | 1.94 (1.66–2.26)b | 1.07 (0.48–2.41) | 1.74 (1.06–2.85)a | 1.95 (1.44–2.64)b | 1.86 (1.50–2.32)b |
| WHO stage III/IV | 1.43 (1.26–1.63)b | 2.70 (1.67–4.36)b | 1.05 (0.68–1.61) | 1.36 (1.05–1.75)a | 1.33 (1.10–1.59)a |
| BMI <18.5 kg/m2 | 1.23 (1.07–1.42)a | 1.58 (0.94–2.65) | 1.82 (1.21–2.73)a | 1.13 (0.86–1.50)a | 1.01 (0.82–1.24)a |
| HBV coinfection | 1.11 (0.96–1.28) | 1.19 (0.68–2.10) | 1.57 (1.02–2.42)a | 1.56 (1.19–2.04) | 1.39 (1.14–1.70) |
| HCV coinfected | 1.04 (0.89–1.21) | - | - | - | - |
| Fully suppressed | 0.52 (0.43–0.64)b | 0.14 (0.03–0.61)a | 0.62 (0.33–1.13) | 0.54 (0.36–0.80)a | 0.77 (0.66–0.91)a |
| Adherence >95% | 0.68 (0.60–0.76)b | 1.00 (0.64–1.55) | 0.65 (0.44–0.94)a | 0.63 (0.50–0.80)b | 0.77 (0.66–0.91)a |
| Any gap in care | 1.90 (1.66–2.18)b | 3.69 (2.35–5.80)b | 2.12 (1.39–3.22)b | 1.92 (1.47–2.50)b | 1.83 (1.51–2.22)b |
Abbreviations: AHR, adjusted hazard ratio; ART, antiretroviral therapy; BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; LTFU, loss to follow-up; Ref, reference; WHO, World Health Organization.
NOTES: Model 1, complete case analysis; Model 2, 10% LTFU imputed as dead; Model 3, 25% LTFU imputed as dead; Model 4, 50% LTFU imputed as dead.
a P < .05.
b P < .001.