Table 2.
Study 1 (students, n=12) | Study 2 (professionals, n=25) | ||||||||||||
Pre | Post | Pre | Post | Follow-up | |||||||||
Measure | M | SD | M | SD | P | M | SD | M | SD | P | M | SD | P |
Mindfulness (MAAS) |
3.11 | 0.67 | 3.91 | 0.88 | <0.001 | 3.27 | 0.62 | 4.35 | 0.64 | <0.001 | 4.13 | 0.49 | <0.001 |
Perspective Taking (IRI) |
2.58 | 0.52 | 3.05 | 0.47 | 0.005 | 2.63 | 0.67 | 2.94 | 0.56 | 0.009 | 2.77 | 0.55 | 0.594 |
Empathic Concern (IRI) |
2.79 | 0.31 | 3.00 | 0.29 | 0.118 | 2.96 | 0.63 | 2.98 | 0.44 | 1.00 | 2.97 | 0.56 | 1.00 |
Identify my Emotions (PEC) | 3.07 | 0.88 | 3.53 | 0.97 | 0.022 | 3.47 | 0.64 | 4.00 | 0.54 | <0.001 | 4.01 | 0.57 | 0.001 |
Identify Others’ Emotions (PEC) | 3.97 | 0.69 | 4.17 | 0.61 | 0.301 | 3.86 | 0.60 | 3.99 | 0.50 | 0.515 | 3.95 | 0.59 | 1.00 |
Acceptance (AAQ-II) | 42.25 | 10.83 | 48.83 | 9.61 | 0.001 | 44.08 | 7.85 | 51.54 | 8.21 | <0.001 | 51.88 | 8.42 | <0.001 |
Expressive Suppression (ERQ) | 2.75 | 0.81 | 2.44 | 0.94 | 0.028 | 3.18 | 1.09 | 2.68 | 1.15 | 0.023 | 2.74 | 1.09 | 0.143 |
Recognition of Emotions (GERT)∗ | 58.58 | 4.01 | 63.83 | 6.16 | 0.002 | 26.75 | 5.89 | 29.00 | 4.00 | 0.250 | 29.00 | 5.72 | 0.136 |
P values are for changes over time.
*The 83-item original version of the GERT was used for Study 1 and the 42-item short version (GERT-S) was used for Study 2.
AAQ-II, Acceptance and Action Questionnaire; ERQ, Emotion Regulation Questionnaire; GERT, Geneva Emotion Recognition Recognition Test;
IRI, Interpersonal Reactivity Index; MAAS, Mindfulness Attention & Awareness Scale; PEC, Profile of Emotional Competence.