Table 4.

Sagittal plane hip range of movement and peak hip joint moments during gait in people with chronic low back pain and asymptomatic individuals

	Asymptomatic	Chronic low back pain	P value
Left maximum hip flexion (°)	34.35 (5.55)	33.70 (8.55)	0.78
Right maximum hip flexion (°)	34.46 (4.51)	33.82 (9.17)	0.79
Left maximum hip extension (°)	−9.71 (7.39)	−10.44 (9.02)	0.80
Right maximum hip extension (°)	−9.40 (6.67)	−9.12 (8.74)	0.92
Left hip range of movement (°)	44.07 (3.94)	44.14 (4.79)	0.97
Left hip extensor moment (Nmm/kg)	1029.30 (329.38)	955.80 (429.78)	0.58
Right hip extensor moment (Nmm/kg)	960.99 (235.24)	1029.57 (460.62)	0.94*
Left hip flexor moment (Nmm/kg)	−990.76 (184.25)	−1098.07 (231.85)	0.14
Right hip flexor moment (Nmm/kg)	−1041.87 (174.80)	−977.77 (194.64)	0.31

Summary measures represent means (SD).

*Represents Mann-Whitney U test for non-parametric data, otherwise independent t-test conducted.

Nmm/kg, Newton-millimetre/kilogram.