Fig 4. Principle coordinates analysis of A. benthic taxa by sub-region and, B. functional groups by island within sub-regions.

Benthic taxa and functional group abundance data were ln(x+1) transformed prior to analyses. Vectors are the primary taxa driving the ordination (Pearson Product movement correlations ≥ 0.6). C. vagans–Campylonotus vagans, C. lurida–Cosmasterias lurida, P. antarctica–Porania antarctica.