. 2017 Aug 2;125(8):087002. doi: 10.1289/EHP41

Table 1.

Percent change in protein content by commodity class.

Commodity (n)	Estimate [mean (95% CI)]
$C_{3}$ grains (257)	$- 8.14$ ( $- 12.17$ , $- 4.1$ )
Wheat (166)	$- 7.78$ ( $- 13.24$ , $- 2.32$ )
Rice (66)	$- 7.61$ ( $- 11.53$ , $- 3.69$ )
Barley (21)	$- 14.05$ ( $- 20.7$ , $- 7.39$ )
$C_{4}$ grains (12)	2.07 ( $- 3.2$ , 7.35)
Maize (8)	3.08 ( $- 5.19$ , 11.35)
Sorghum (4)	0.26 ( $- 6.31$ , 6.84)
Root vegetable (15)	$- 3.42$ ( $- 8.61$ , 1.78)
Potato (9)	$- 6.38$ ( $- 10.33$ , $- 2.42$ )
Pulses, legumes (26)	$- 3.51$ ( $- 8.05$ , 1.04)
Peas (15)	$- 1.69$ ( $- 3.56$ , 0.18)
Beans (7)	$- 4.58$ ( $- 12.37$ , 3.2)
Chickpea (4)	$- 13.47$ ( $- 21.36$ , $- 5.58$ )
Oil crops (54)	$- 0.78$ ( $- 5.03$ , 3.47)
Soy (44)	$- 0.49$ ( $- 2.92$ , 1.95)
Rapeseed/mustard seed (5)	0.92 ( $- 8.9$ , 10.74)
$C_{3}$ Vegetables (32)	$- 17.29$ ( $- 30.78$ , $- 3.8$ )
Fruit (5)	$- 22.9$ ( $- 54.04$ , 8.24)

Note: $C_{3}$ , crops with $C_{3}$ photosynthesis; $C_{4}$ , crops with $C_{4}$ photosynthesis; CI, confidence interval; $n$ , number of experiments, where each treatment/cultivar/experiment was treated as a separate experiment, yet experiments at the same location for the same crop were grouped together.