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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Jan 24.
Published in final edited form as: Food Policy. 2017 Aug 8;71:86–100. doi: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2017.08.001

Table A6.4.

Tax simulation results for nutrient availability by food group (mid-high income group)

40% tax on SSBs 5 cents per gram of sugar 30% tax on junk food
mean 95% CI mean 95% CI mean 95% CI
Sweets and desserts kcal 0.9 −11.5 13.4 −55.8 −77.7 −33.8 −53.7 −70.9 −36.5
carbs 0.2 −2.1 2.4 −10.0 −13.9 −6.0 −9.6 −12.7 −6.5
sugar 0.1 −1.6 1.8 −7.5 −10.5 −4.6 −7.3 −9.6 −4.9
sodium 0.3 −4.1 4.8 −20.1 −28.0 −12.2 −19.4 −25.5 −13.2
fats 0.0 −0.3 0.4 −1.5 −2.1 −0.9 −1.4 −1.9 −1.0
sat. fats 0.0 −0.2 0.2 −0.7 −1.0 −0.4 −0.7 −0.9 −0.5
protein 0.0 −0.1 0.2 −0.7 −0.9 −0.4 −0.6 −0.8 −0.4
Salty snacks and chips kcal 2.2 0.7 3.7 4.2 1.5 6.8 −11.4 −13.5 −9.4
carbs 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.7 −1.2 −1.5 −1.0
sugar 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
sodium 2.5 0.8 4.1 4.7 1.7 7.7 −12.9 −15.2 −10.6
fats 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.4 −0.6 −0.8 −0.5
sat. fats 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 −0.1 −0.1 −0.1
protein 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 −0.1 −0.2 −0.1
Meat products and fats kcal −30.8 −64.5 2.8 −60.0 −119.9 −0.2 −40.2 −84.6 4.2
carbs −0.1 −0.2 0.0 −0.2 −0.4 0.0 −0.1 −0.3 0.0
sugar −0.1 −0.1 0.0 −0.1 −0.2 0.0 −0.1 −0.1 0.0
sodium −36.8 −77.0 3.4 −71.7 −143.3 −0.2 −48.1 −101.1 5.0
fats −2.6 −5.5 0.2 −5.1 −10.3 0.0 −3.4 −7.3 0.4
sat. fats −0.9 −1.8 0.1 −1.7 −3.4 0.0 −1.1 −2.4 0.1
protein −1.7 −3.5 0.2 −3.2 −6.4 0.0 −2.2 −4.5 0.2
F+V and seafood kcal 4.1 −6.0 14.2 8.3 −9.5 26.1 16.4 2.9 29.9
carbs 0.7 −1.0 2.3 1.3 −1.5 4.2 2.6 0.5 4.8
sugar 0.3 −0.4 0.9 0.6 −0.6 1.7 1.1 0.2 2.0
sodium 2.9 −4.3 10.0 5.9 −6.7 18.5 11.6 2.0 21.2
fats 0.1 −0.2 0.4 0.2 −0.2 0.7 0.4 0.1 0.8
sat. fats 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1
protein 0.2 −0.3 0.7 0.4 −0.5 1.3 0.8 0.1 1.5
Cereal and cereal products kcal 62.8 23.7 102.0 109.8 40.2 179.5 −160.1 −222.4 −97.7
carbs 12.1 4.5 19.6 21.1 7.7 34.5 −30.7 −42.7 −18.7
sugar 0.3 0.1 0.5 0.6 0.2 1.0 −0.8 −1.2 −0.5
sodium 48.7 18.3 79.1 85.2 31.2 139.2 −124.1 −172.5 −75.8
fats 0.6 0.2 1.0 1.0 0.4 1.7 −1.5 −2.1 −0.9
sat. fats 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.4 −0.4 −0.5 −0.2
protein 2.2 0.8 3.6 3.9 1.4 6.4 −5.7 −7.9 −3.5
SSB, ready to drink kcal −17.5 −21.0 −13.9 −19.6 −25.8 −13.4 −13.1 −17.8 −8.5
carbs −4.3 −5.2 −3.5 −4.9 −6.4 −3.3 −3.3 −4.4 −2.1
sugar −4.2 −5.1 −3.4 −4.7 −6.2 −3.2 −3.2 −4.3 −2.0
sodium −6.1 −7.3 −4.8 −6.8 −9.0 −4.6 −4.6 −6.2 −3.0
fats 0.0 0.0 0.0
sat. fats 0.0 0.0 0.0
protein −0.1 −0.2 −0.1 −0.2 −0.2 −0.1 −0.1 −0.1 −0.1
SSB, concentrate kcal −12.1 −14.5 −9.8 −22.0 −26.2 −17.7 −5.4 −7.1 −3.6
carbs −2.9 −3.4 −2.3 −5.2 −6.2 −4.2 −1.3 −1.7 −0.9
sugar −2.8 −3.3 −2.3 −5.1 −6.1 −4.1 −1.2 −1.6 −0.8
sodium −9.3 −11.1 −7.5 −16.9 −20.2 −13.7 −4.1 −5.5 −2.8
fats 0.0 0.0 0.0
sat. fats 0.0 0.0 0.0
protein −0.5 −0.6 −0.4 −0.9 −1.1 −0.7 −0.2 −0.3 −0.2
Water, coffee and tea kcal 0.0 −0.1 0.1 0.0 −0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2
carbs 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1
sugar 0.0 0.0 0.0
sodium 0.0 −0.2 0.3 0.0 −0.4 0.4 0.3 −0.1 0.6
fats 0.0 0.0 0.0
sat. fats 0.0 0.0 0.0
protein 0.0 0.0 0.0
Milk kcal 0.2 −1.5 1.9 0.0 −3.0 3.1 3.5 1.3 5.6
carbs 0.0 −0.2 0.2 0.0 −0.3 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.6
sugar 0.0 −0.1 0.2 0.0 −0.3 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.6
sodium 0.3 −1.8 2.4 0.0 −3.8 3.9 4.4 1.7 7.1
fats 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 −0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2
sat. fats 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 −0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1
protein 0.0 −0.1 0.1 0.0 −0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.4

Note: significant values to 95% in bold.