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. 2017 Aug 25;125(8):087019. doi: 10.1289/EHP1246

Table 2.

CpGs with DNA methylation levels in umbilical cord blood associated with prenatal maternal red blood cell lead concentrations in analyses for all newborns, male infants, and female infants (selected based on FDR<0.05 for EWAS).

CpG Chr Position Relation to island Gene Relation to gene Average methylation (%)a All newborns Male infants Female infants p-Value for interaction
Effect estimate (SE)b p-Value Effect estimate (SE)b p-Value Effect estimate (SE)b p-Value
Top loci identified for all newborns
 cg02272457 chr6 42427790 Open Sea – – 99.1 −0.1 (0.02) 1.2×10−6 −0.1 (0.03) 4.1×10−3 −0.1 (0.02) 1.2×10−4 0.88
 cg20324491 chr7 149128397 N_Shore – – 94.2 −0.5 (0.1) 8.3×10–8 −0.4 (0.2) 3.5×10–2 −0.4 (0.1) 7.9×10−5 0.55
 cg22112000 chr7 5647182 Island – – 98.5 −0.1 (0.02) 1.1×10−7 −0.1 (0.03) 5.0×10−3 −0.1 (0.02) 2.3×10−4 0.29
 cg10773601 chr19 51226046 N_Shore CLEC11A TSS1500 85.8 −1.4 (0.3) 2.3×10−7 −1.2 (0.4) 2.6×10−3 −1.7 (0.4) 8.0×10−5 0.52
Top loci identified for male infants
 cg22512536 chr5 154134507 Island LARP1 Body 1.9 0.1 (0.03) 1.7×10−2 0.1 (0.03) 2.2×10−7 −0.01 (0.04) 7.9×10−1 0.002
 cg08964024 chr12 14923326 Island – – 1.6 0.1 (0.02) 4.1×10−3 0.1 (0.02) 2.2×10−8 0.01 (0.02) 7.8×10−1 0.002
Top loci identified for female infants
 cg04295372 chr1 101184332 Open Sea VCAM1 TSS1500 41.9 0.9 (0.3) 2.8×10−3 −0.1 (0.6) 8.5×10−1 1.6 (0.3) 3.9×10−6 0.03
 cg09356083 chr1 2430057 N_Shelf PLCH2 Body 85.1 −0.4 (0.1) 1.9×10−6 −0.3 (0.2) 4.4×10−2 −0.6 (0.1) 6.9×10−7 0.12
 cg20816789 chr1 27462916 Open Sea SLC9A1 Body 87.0 −0.6 (0.1) 1.7×10−5 −0.5 (0.3) 5.2×10−2 −0.8 (0.2) 3.8×10−7 0.11
 cg22446399 chr2 27326580 Open Sea CGREF1 Body 95.9 −0.3 (0.1) 1.5×10−3 −0.1 (0.2) 3.6×10−1 −0.5 (0.1) 4.2×10−6 0.06
 cg27403609 chr2 11101403 Island – – 91.8 −0.5 (0.3) 4.8×10−2 0.1 (0.4) 8.1×10−1 −1.2 (0.3) 3.4×10−4 0.004
 cg07248017 chr4 8230689 Open Sea SH3TC1 Body 71.1 −0.6 (0.2) 2.1×10−4 −0.2 (0.3) 3.9×10−1 −1.0 (0.2) 1.2×10−6 0.009
 cg06239355 chr5 32714010 Island NPR3 Body 1.7 0.1 (0.02) 1.2×10−4 0.03 (0.04) 4.0×10−1 0.1 (0.02) 1.5×10−7 0.04
 cg15601915 chr5 1065775 S_Shore SLC12A7 Body 85.7 −0.6 (0.1) 1.6×10−5 −0.4 (0.2) 6.4×10−2 −0.9 (0.2) 1.6×10−6 0.001
 cg17599748 chr6 31589597 S_Shore SNORA38 TSS1500 68.1 −0.7 (0.3) 9.3×10−3 0.4 (0.4) 2.9×10−1 −1.4 (0.3) 1.1×10−6 0.002
 cg08673909 chr7 1329592 Island – – 2.1 −0.1 (0.04) 2.4×10−3 −0.01 (0.1) 8.5×10−1 −0.2 (0.05) 6.3×10−6 0.07
 cg10090217 chr7 45151583 S_Shore TBRG4 TSS1500 2.2 −0.05 (0.02) 3.7×10−3 −0.004 (0.03) 9.0×10−1 −0.1 (0.02) 5.0×10−6 0.03
 cg16565528 chr8 91010920 N_Shelf – – 83.1 0.8 (0.3) 8.0×10−3 −0.1 (0.4) 8.4×10−1 1.8 (0.4) 7.9×10−7 0.05
 cg03152353 chr9 139417194 Island NOTCH1 Body 56.6 −0.6 (0.2) 1.4×10−3 −0.1 (0.3) 7.8×10−1 −1.1 (0.2) 4.6×10−7 0.02
 cg13817920 chr9 96587843 N_Shore – – 89.0 −0.5 (0.1) 4.3×10−5 −0.5 (0.2) 9.1×10−3 −0.6 (0.1) 4.4×10−5 0.10
 cg13791644 chr10 119794366 Open Sea RAB11FIP2 Body 93.2 0.5 (0.2) 2.8×10−2 −0.1 (0.3) 7.9×10−1 1.0 (0.2) 1.3×10−5 0.01
 cg18454045 chr10 88391658 N_Shore – – 69.2 −0.6 (0.2) 8.0×10−3 0.1 (0.5) 7.6×10−1 −1.3 (0.3) 2.8×10−7 0.004
 cg11127561 chr11 125462151 N_Shore STT3A TSS1500 1.6 0.1 (0.02) 9.7×10−5 0.03 (0.02) 1.8×10−1 0.1 (0.02) 4.6×10−5 0.005
 cg17971003 chr11 107582804 OpenSea SLN TSS200 93.3 0.7 (0.2) 1.5×10−4 0.4 (0.2) 9.2×10−2 1.0 (0.2) 1.7×10−6 0.18
 cg24637308 chr11 6592297 Island DNHD1 Body 76.2 −3.3 (0.9) 9.1×10−5 −1.9 (1.4) 1.5×10−1 −4.3 (0.9) 1.1×10−6 0.12
 cg05959994 chr13 114253916 Open Sea TFDP1 Body 98.6 −0.1 (0.04) 6.1×10−3 0.1 (0.05) 1.1×10−1 −0.2 (0.04) 1.9×10−8 2.9×10−8
 cg11203293 chr13 25777762 Open Sea – – 60.5 −1.1 (0.5) 1.9×10−2 0.4 (0.7) 5.5×10−1 −2.3 (0.4) 3.4×10−7 0.001
 cg04545835 chr14 102675570 Open Sea WDR20 Body 97.1 −0.2 (0.1) 8.3×10−3 0.002 (0.2) 9.9×10−1 −0.4 (0.1) 4.0×10−5 0.004
 cg08131309 chr15 40399131 N_Shore BMF TSS1500 23.2 −0.9 (0.3) 3.2×10−4 −0.1 (0.4) 7.1×10−1 −1.6 (0.3) 6.2×10−7 0.002
 cg04730825 chr16 16116191 Open Sea ABCC1 Body 58.7 −0.8 (0.3) 9.2×10−3 0.1 (0.4) 8.5×10−1 −1.7 (0.4) 3.8×10−6 0.02
 cg26686608 chr16 88705716 N_Shore IL17C Body 41.5 0.5 (0.2) 2.2×10−2 −0.1 (0.4) 8.0×10−1 1.2 (0.3) 1.7×10−6 0.0007
 cg00461015 chr17 42295635 N_Shore UBTF 5'UTR 1.9 −0.1 (0.03) 2.6×10−3 −0.02 (0.04) 6.6×10−1 −0.1 (0.03) 1.7×10−5 0.07
 cg04571282 chr17 44108753 Open Sea KIAA1267 3'UTR 98.3 −0.1 (0.03) 2.3×10−4 −0.1 (0.1) 3.6×10−1 −0.2 (0.04) 4.8×10−6 0.13
 cg11252953 chr17 80358829 N_Shelf C17orf101 Body 7.6 0.4 (0.2) 1.4×10−2 0.2 (0.3) 5.5×10−1 0.8 (0.2) 8.7×10−7 0.13
 cg15922057 chr17 25784714 S_Shore – – 31.8 −0.6 (0.3) 3.4×10−2 0.2 (0.4) 5.3×10−1 −1.2 (0.3) 8.9×10−6 0.001
 cg06753949 chr19 15334309 Island – – 1.9 −0.1 (0.03) 2.3×10−4 −0.1 (0.05) 1.3×10−1 −0.2 (0.04) 7.8×10−6 0.27
 cg07780528 chr19 35630334 N_Shelf FXYD1 5'UTR 23.3 −0.5 (0.1) 3.1×10−4 −0.1 (0.2) 5.4×10−1 −0.8 (0.2) 2.0×10−6 0.15
 cg11610754 chr19 18722595 Island TMEM59L TSS1500 1.7 0.03 (0.01) 2.7×10−3 −0.01 (0.02) 6.8×10−1 0.1 (0.01) 3.1×10−6 0.03
 cg18598117 chr19 941126 Island ARID3A Body 84.6 −0.8 (0.3) 1.4×10−2 0.1 (0.8) 9.0×10−1 −1.5 (0.4) 2.8×10−5 0.02
 cg22217660 chr19 50765301 S_Shelf MYH14 Body 92.2 −0.3 (0.1) 2.0×10−2 0.1 (0.3) 6.9×10−1 −0.7 (0.2) 1.2×10−5 0.04
 cg03373781 chr20 30582113 N_Shore XKR7 Body 74.8 −0.7 (0.2) 3.8×10−4 −0.1 (0.3) 6.4×10−1 −1.1 (0.2) 2.3×10−7 0.02
 cg07341934 chr20 57463711 Island GNAS 3'UTR 60.1 −0.8 (0.3) 1.9×10−3 −0.3 (0.5) 5.5×10−1 −1.5 (0.3) 2.2×10−6 0.002
 cg21307155 chr20 3216740 N_Shore SLC4A11 Body 87.5 −0.5 (0.1) 9.3×10−4 0.02 (0.2) 9.1×10−1 −0.8 (0.1) 8.1×10−8 0.008
 cg17174023 chr22 50987453 Island KLHDC7B 1st Exon 9.0 −0.6 (0.2) 1.5×10−2 0.2 (0.4) 5.9×10−1 −1.0 (0.3) 3.1×10−5 0.05

Note: Body, gene body; Chr, Chromosome; FDR, false discovery rate; SE, standard error; TSS200, within 200 bps from transcription start site; TSS1500, within 1500 bps from transcription start site; UTR, untranslated region.

a

Average methylation in umbilical cord blood among all newborns.

b

The percent change in DNA methylation level for every doubling increase in prenatal maternal red blood cell lead concentrations. Adjusted for child sex, maternal age, maternal prepregnancy body mass index, maternal race, maternal educational level, maternal smoking status, parity, gestational age, and differential nucleated cell proportions (monocytes, CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, natural killer cells, B cells, and nucleated red blood cells).