Table 3.

Correlates of Repeat Transactions Among Double Up Food Bucks (DUFB) Users at Detroit Farmers Markets, 2012–2013

Characteristics	Incident rate ratio	95% CI	Predicted number of repeat transaction	p-value
Gender
Female	ref		0.90
Male	0.96	0.87, 1.06	0.77	0.399
Race/Ethnicity
Black, non-Hispanic	ref		0.66
White, non-Hispanic	2.34	2.11, 2.59	1.38	<0.001
Hispanic	1.30	0.94, 1.79	0.80	0.110
Other	2.00	1.45, 2.77	1.24	<0.001
Age, years	1.01	1.00, 1.03	–a	0.142
Children
No children in home	ref		0.91
At least one child aged <18 years in home	0.95	0.82, 1.09	0.68	0.430
Income-to-poverty ratio	1.02	0.92, 1.14	–a	0.687
Average monthly SNAP benefit	1.00	1.00, 1.00	–a	0.225
Months receiving SNAP during 2012–2013 DUFB season	1.01	0.99, 1.03	–a	0.186
Assistance programsb
Medicaid	0.82	0.74, 0.91	0.76	<0.001
State emergency relief	0.99	0.90, 1.09	0.81	0.862
State disability assistance	0.87	0.65, 1.19	0.71	0.388
Market of first transaction
Eastern Market	ref		0.77
Wayne State Farmers Market	1.80	1.48, 2.18	1.39	<0.001
Northwest Detroit Farmers Market	0.98	0.80, 1.19	0.75	0.804
Eastside Farmers Market	0.36	0.24, 0.55	0.28	<0.001
Peaches and Greens	1.38	1.18, 1.61	1.06	<0.001
Meldrum Fresh Market	1.58	0.66, 3.78	1.22	0.306
Sowing Seeds Growing Futures	0.41	0.26, 0.66	0.32	<0.001
Oakland Avenue Farmers Market	0.90	0.54, 1.48	0.69	0.667
Distance from residence to market of first transactionc	0.98	0.98, 0.99		<0.001
1 mile			0.94
5 miles			0.88
10 miles			0.81
15 miles			0.75

Notes: Negative binomial regression, adjusted for month and year of first transaction. Boldface indicates statistical significance (p<0.05).

^aFor continuous variables that were nonsignificant in the model, predicted number of visits not calculated.

^bReceipt of Medicaid, State emergency relief, and/or State disability assistance at least once during study period.

^cRoad miles from residential nine-digit ZIP code to market of first transaction.

SNAP, Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program