Table 2.
Clinical characteristics associated with testosterone deficiency (total testosterone <300 ng/dl) using logistic regression.
| Minimally adjusted OR (95% CI) |
Case-mix adjusted OR (95% CI) |
Expanded case-mix + laboratory adjusted OR (95% CI) |
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||
| Age (Δ10 years) | 1.30 (1.15, 1.46) | 1.23 (1.09, 1.40) | 1.23 (1.08, 1.40) |
|
| |||
| Black race (ref: Non-Black) | 0.45 (0.32, 0.64) | 0.52 (0.36, 0.75) | 0.51 (0.35, 0.76) |
|
| |||
| Vintage (Δ1 month) | 1.00 (0.99, 1.02) | 1.01 (0.99, 1.02) | 1.01 (0.99, 1.03) |
|
| |||
| Vascular Access (ref: CVC) | |||
| AVF/AVG | 1.04 (0.68, 1.59) | 1.02 (0.66, 1.59) | 1.03 (0.65, 1.64) |
| PD Catheter | 0.68 (0.40, 1.13) | 0.63 (0.37, 1.07) | 0.66 (0.37, 1.16) |
| Unknown/Missing | 3.87 (0.99, 15.1) | 4.67 (1.14, 19.2) | 4.75 (1.14, 19.8) |
|
| |||
| Cause of ESRD (ref: Diabetes) | |||
| Hypertension | 0.77 (0.52, 1.14) | 0.82 (0.52, 1.30) | 0.88 (0.55, 1.41) |
| Glomerulonephritis | 0.83 (0.50, 1.38) | 0.93 (0.53, 1.62) | 1.07 (0.60, 1.91) |
| Cystic Disease | 0.54 (0.19, 1.54) | 0.59 (0.19, 1.76) | 0.69 (0.22, 2.19) |
| Other | 1.25 (0.74, 2.11) | 1.19 (0.67, 2.13) | 1.36 (0.75, 2.46) |
|
| |||
| Diabetes | 1.11 (0.79, 1.56) | 1.08 (0.76, 1.54) | 1.12 (0.73, 1.71) |
|
| |||
| CHF | 1.66 (1.19, 2.31) | 1.62 (1.15, 2.28) | 1.44 (1.00, 2.07) |
|
| |||
| CHD | 0.81 (0.53, 1.23) | 0.74 (0.48, 1.14) | 0.69 (0.44, 1.08) |
|
| |||
| Serum albumin (Δ0.5 g/dl) | 0.86 (0.71, 1.03) | 0.92 (0.76, 1.11) | 0.85 (0.69, 1.05) |
|
| |||
| BMI (Δ5 kg/m2) | 1.16 (1.01, 1.32) | 1.23 (1.07, 1.41) | 1.22 (1.05, 1.42) |
|
| |||
| Serum creatinine (mg/dl) | 0.94 (0.90, 0.99) | 1.00 (0.95, 1.06) | 1.03 (0.96, 1.09) |
|
| |||
| Calcium (mg/dl) | 1.03 (0.76, 1.41) | 0.98 (0.71, 1.35) | 1.06 (0.76, 1.48) |
|
| |||
| Phosphorus (mg/dl) | 1.00 (0.88, 1.14) | 1.09 (0.94, 1.25) | 1.07 (0.93, 1.24) |
|
| |||
| PTH (Δ25pg/ml) | 0.98 (0.96, 1.00) | 0.99 (0.98, 1.01) | 0.99 (0.97, 1.01) |
|
| |||
| Bicarbonate (Δ5meq/L) | 0.87 (0.67, 1.13) | 0.79 (0.60, 1.04) | 0.82 (0.61, 1.10) |
|
| |||
| Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 0.76 (0.65, 0.89) | 0.77 (0.65, 0.90) | 0.76 (0.64, 0.91) |
|
| |||
| Transferrin saturation (Δ5%) | 0.97 (0.90, 1.04) | 0.97 (0.90, 1.04) | 0.98 (0.91, 1.06) |
|
| |||
| Ferritin (Δ50ng/ml) | 1.03 (1.01, 1.06) | 1.03 (1.00, 1.05) | 1.02 (1.00, 1.05) |
|
| |||
| Renal urea clearance (ml/min) | 0.98 (0.88, 1.10) | 1.00 (0.88, 1.15) | 0.98 (0.85, 1.14) |
|
| |||
| spKt/V (Δ0.2) | 1.09 (0.98, 1.22) | 1.04 (0.93, 1.16) | 1.07 (0.94, 1.22) |
|
| |||
| nPCR (Δ0.2g/kg/day) | 1.11 (0.97, 1.28) | 1.09 (0.94, 1.26) | 1.15 (0.98, 1.35) |
Abbreviations: CVC, central venous catheter; AVF, arteriovenous fistula; AVG, arteriovenous graft; PD, peritoneal dialysis; ESRD, end stage renal disease; CHF, congestive heart failure; CHD, coronary heart disease; BMI, body mass index; PTH, parathyroid hormone; nPCR, normalized protein catabolic rate. Minimally adjusted analyses adjusted for calendar quarter of study entry; Case-mix adjusted analyses adjusted for minimally adjusted model covariates, as well as age, sex, race/ethnicity, and diabetes; Expanded case-mix models adjusted for case-mix model covariates, as well as dialysis vintage, cause of ESRD, dialysis access, modality, CHF, CHD, and serum albumin level.