Table 4.

Associations of Baseline Risk Questionnaire Responses (Child Related) with F “In Office” (Drops/Tablets or Varnish).

	All	North Carolina		Indiana		Iowa
	n (%)	n (%)	P Value	n (%)	P Value	n (%)	P Value
Child race/ethnicity
White	37 (8)	13 (8)		2 (2)		22 (11)
Black	80 (18)	69 (45)		4 (2)		7 (17)
Hispanic	18 (11)	11 (28)	<0.01	3 (3)	0.81	4 (11)	0.09
Multiracial/other	26 (17)	13 (22)		1 (2)		12 (24)
Medicaid
No	16 (3)	6 (3)	<0.01	1 (1)	0.38	9 (5)	<0.01
Yes	145 (19)	100 (47)		9 (2)		36 (24)
Urban-rural status
Rural	5 (8)	2 (14)	0.32	0 (0)	0.99	3 (7)	0.15
Urban	156 (13)	104 (26)		10 (2)		42 (15)
Child sex
Female	77 (13)	50 (25)	0.77	5 (2)	0.89	22 (14)	0.87
Male	84 (13)	56 (27)		5 (2)		23 (13)
Does your child have any cavities or fillings?
No	158 (13)	105 (26)	0.97	9 (2)	0.04	44 (14)	0.96
Yes	3 (18)	1 (25)		1 (17)		1 (14)
How often does an adult brush your child’s teeth?
Daily	109 (15)	67 (28)	0.61	9 (3)		33 (16)	0.16
Weekly	23 (12)	13 (21)		1 (1)		9 (14)
Monthly	4 (17)	3 (25)		0 (0)		1 (17)
Never	25 (8)	23 (23)		0 (0)		2 (4)
How often are your child’s teeth brushed with toothpaste?
Daily	66 (16)	40 (30)	0.42	5 (3)	0.09	21 (18)	0.12
Weekly	21 (17)	9 (28)		3 (7)		9 (19)
Monthly	2 (15)	2 (40)		0 (0)		0 (0)
Never	72 (10)	55 (23)		2 (1)		15 (9)
How often are your child’s teeth brushed with nonfluoride toothpaste?
Daily	42 (15)	27 (29)	0.42	6 (5)		9 (12)	0.09
Weekly	9 (10)	7 (29)		0 (0)		2 (7)
Monthly	6 (43)	3 (50)		0 (0)		3 (50)
Never	103 (12)	69 (24)		3 (1)		31 (14)
How often does your child share a toothbrush with another person?
Daily	1 (13)	0 (0)	0.99	0 (0)		1 (20)	0.93
Weekly	0 (0)	0 (0)		0 (0)		0 (0)
Monthly	1 (17)	1 (25)		0 (0)		0 (0)
Never	159 (13)	105 (26)		10 (2)		44 (14)
When brushing, how often do your child’s gums bleed?
Daily	1 (7)	0 (0)	1.00	0 (0)	1.00	1 (14)	1.00
Weekly	0 (0)			0 (0)		0 (0)
Monthly	0 (0)	0 (0)		0 (0)		0 (0)
Never	160 (13)	106 (26)		10 (2)		44 (14)
How often do you clean inside your child’s mouth and/or gums?
Daily	117 (16)	75 (31)	0.07	9 (3)		33 (17)	0.09
Weekly	21 (10)	12 (18)		1 (1)		8 (13)
Monthly	6 (12)	4 (25)		0 (0)		2 (17)
Never	17 (7)	15 (19)		0 (0)		2 (3)
Does your child usually (throughout the day) drink from a bottle or sippy cup?
No	14 (22)	10 (37)	0.18	0 (0)	0.99	4 (16)	0.73
Yes	147 (13)	96 (25)		10 (2)		41 (13)
How often does your child go to sleep while nursing or while drinking?
Daily	80 (14)	57 (31)	0.04	8 (3)	0.71	15 (13)	0.98
Weekly	21 (15)	16 (32)		0 (0)		5 (14)
Monthly	3 (13)	3 (33)		0 (0)		0 (0)
Never	57 (11)	30 (18)		2 (1)		25 (15)
How often does your child eat or drink anything other than plain water before bed?
Daily	94 (12)	68 (25)	0.72	6 (2)	0.96	20 (11)	0.41
Weekly	25 (16)	15 (31)		2 (3)		8 (20)
Monthly	3 (12)	3 (38)		0 (0)		0 (0)
Never	39 (14)	20 (24)		2 (2)		17 (17)
How often does your child typically drink tap water?
Daily	100 (14)	62 (25)	0.78	7 (3)	0.76	31 (14)	0.94
Weekly	20 (13)	15 (27)		1 (1)		4 (13)
Monthly	4 (13)	4 (36)		0 (0)		0 (0)
Never	37 (12)	25 (28)		2 (1)		10 (17)
How often do you give your child sugary snacks?
3×/d	7 (13)	6 (60)	0.01	1 (3)	<0.01	0 (0)	0.74
1× to 2×/d	70 (14)	46 (30)		5 (2)		19 (15)
Weekly	48 (15)	29 (28)		3 (3)		16 (16)
Monthly	7 (8)	4 (13)		1 (3)		2 (9)
Never	28 (10)	20 (18)		0 (0)		8 (10)
How often do you give your child sugary drinks?
3×/d	9 (20)	5 (56)	<0.01	2 (6)	0.61	2 (50)	0.01
1× to 2×/d	48 (15)	35 (37)		4 (2)		9 (18)
Weekly	41 (18)	27 (36)		1 (1)		13 (20)
Monthly	7 (10)	1 (5)		0 (0)		6 (25)
Never	55 (10)	37 (18)		3 (2)		15 (8)
How often do you clean your child’s pacifier with juice, soda, honey, sweet drink?
Daily	2 (11)	1 (20)	0.86	1 (8)	0.48	0 (0)	0.64
Weekly	3 (13)	2 (22)		0 (0)		1 (33)
Monthly	2 (14)	1 (50)		0 (0)		1 (33)
Never	73 (11)	48 (24)		3 (1)		22 (12)
Don’t use pacifier	81 (15)	54 (28)		6 (3)		21 (15)
How often do you clean your child’s pacifier by putting it in your mouth?
Daily	20 (12)	14 (29)	0.81	1 (1)	0.52	5 (21)	0.53
Weekly	5 (7)	4 (18)		0 (0)		1 (6)
Monthly	4 (16)	2 (29)		0 (0)		2 (25)
Never	49 (12)	32 (24)		1 (1)		16 (12)
Don’t use pacifier	83 (15)	54 (28)		8 (4)		21 (14)
How often do you share/taste food with your child using the same utensils?
Daily	82 (15)	55 (30)	0.15	7 (3)	0.70	20 (16)	0.45
Weekly	38 (14)	22 (22)		2 (2)		14 (16)
Monthly	2 (4)	1 (6)		0 (0)		1 (6)
Never	39 (12)	28 (26)		1 (1)		10 (10)
How often do you kiss your child on the mouth?
Daily	104 (14)	66 (28)	0.51	7 (2)		31 (17)	0.22
Weekly	15 (10)	11 (19)		0 (0)		4 (8)
Monthly	4 (11)	3 (19)		0 (0)		1 (7)
Never	38 (13)	26 (27)		3 (2)		9 (11)
How often do you take your child to the dentist?
Never	110 (11)	90 (24)	0.04	6 (1)		14 (6)	<0.01
Only when in pain	0 (0)	0 (0)		0 (0)		0 (0)
Yearly	20 (25)	8 (53)		0 (0)		12 (29)
Twice yearly	30 (29)	8 (42)		3 (8)		19 (40)
Is it very difficult to get your child to the doctor or the dentist?
No	152 (13)	102 (26)	0.43	8 (2)	0.02	42 (13)	0.10
Yes	9 (23)	4 (36)		2 (11)		3 (33)
Is your child covered by additional health insurance?
No	131 (20)	93 (47)	<0.01	7 (2)	0.90	31 (23)	0.01
Yes	30 (5)	13 (6)		3 (2)		14 (7)
Is your child covered by additional dental insurance?
No	134 (16)	92 (33)	<0.01	8 (2)	0.62	34 (19)	0.01
Yes	27 (7)	14 (11)		2 (2)		11 (7)
Does your child participate in public assistance programs in addition to Medicaid?
No	22 (4)	18 (8)	<0.01	1 (1)	0.32	3 (2)	<0.01
Yes	139 (19)	88 (45)		9 (2)		42 (27)
Was your child born more than 3 weeks (premature) before the expected delivery date?
No	137 (13)	87 (25)	0.15	8 (2)	0.61	42 (15)	0.20
Yes	24 (14)	19 (34)		2 (3)		3 (7)
Was your child delivered by C-section?
No	110 (13)	67 (26)	0.88	5 (2)	0.25	38 (16)	0.07
Yes	51 (13)	39 (25)		5 (3)		7 (8)
Any d1mfta
No	154 (14)	102 (28)		8 (2)	0.12	44 (14)
Yes	2 (6)	0 (0)		2 (7)		0 (0)
Any d2mfta
No	154 (14)	102 (27)		8 (2)	0.03	44 (14)
Yes	2 (11)	0 (0)		2 (12)		0 (0)

Blank P value cells indicate that sample numbers were too small to calculate significance.

F, fluoride.

^aQuestion was assessed clinically.