Fig. 2.

A flowchart showing the establishment of personalized medicine using patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model. Genomic signature of a primary tumor is analyzed by next-generation sequencing. At the same time, tumor fragments are implanted into immunodeficient mouse. The patient will be treated with the drug that showed best response in PDX. Also, a database of integrated genomic signature would be established to predict a drug response for a new patient with similar genomic signature. SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism.