Table 1.
COPD/CB patient characteristics at baseline and medication during the year before baseline
| Patient characteristics | Female N = 47,487 (53.6%) |
Male N = 41,061 (46.4%) |
P-value | Total N = 88,548 (100%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 71.9 ± 11.1 | 72.3 ± 10.5 | <0.001 | 72.1 ± 10.8 |
| Time since COPD/CB diagnosis, years | 4.5 ± 3.2 | 4.3 ± 3.2 | <0.001 | 4.4 ± 3.2 |
| COPD medicationa | ||||
| SABA | 1299 (2.7) | 957 (2.3) | <0.001 | 2256 (2.5) |
| SAMA | 1025 (2.2) | 905 (2.2) | 0.660 | 1930 (2.2) |
| SABA + SAMA | 353 (0.7) | 260 (0.6) | 0.054 | 613 (0.7) |
| ICS only | 3510 (7.4) | 2561 (6.2) | <0.001 | 6071 (6.9) |
| LABA only | 667 (1.4) | 562 (1.4) | 0.670 | 1229 (1.4) |
| LAMA only | 2687 (5.7) | 2504 (6.1) | 0.006 | 5191 (5.9) |
| ICS + LABA | 12,275 (25.8) | 9644 (23.5) | <0.001 | 21,919 (24.8) |
| ICS + LAMA | 1181 (2.5) | 913 (2.2) | 0.011 | 2094 (2.4) |
| LABA + LAMA | 434 (0.9) | 369 (0.9) | 0.839 | 803 (0.9) |
| ICS + LABA + LAMA | 12,197 (25.7) | 9553 (23.3) | <0.001 | 21,750 (24.6) |
| No COPD medication | 11,859 (25.0) | 12,833 (31.3) | <0.001 | 24,692 (27.9) |
| Other medications | ||||
| Beta blockers | 16,375 (34.5) | 16,430 (40.0) | <0.001 | 32,805 (37.0) |
| ACE inhibitors | 11,757 (24.8) | 13,309 (32.4) | <0.001 | 25,066 (28.3) |
| Calcium blockers | 10,423 (21.9) | 8808 (21.5) | 0.074 | 19,231 (21.7) |
| Angiotensin-receptor blockers | 6106 (12.9) | 5247 (12.8) | 0.731 | 11,353 (12.8) |
| Statins | 13,105 (27.6) | 14,327 (34.9) | <0.001 | 27,432 (31.0) |
Numbers presented as n (%), or mean ± SD. P-value for difference between genders
Abbreviations: COPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, CB Chronic bronchitis, SD Standard deviation, SABA Inhaled short-acting beta-2-agonist, SAMA Inhaled short-acting muscarinic antagonist, ICS Inhaled glucocorticoids, LABA Long-acting beta agonist, LAMA Long-acting muscarinic antagonist, ACE Angiotensin-converting enzyme
aResults for SABA and/or SAMA are reported as monotherapy without any other COPD medication allowed. Use of rescue medication (SABA and/or SAMA) was ignored when evaluating usage percentages of other COPD medication options. ATC codes are listed in Additional file 1: Table S1