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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Stroke. 2017 Sep 20;48(11):3093–3100. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.117.017319

Table 1.

Quality of intervention trials included in the meta-analysis, judged according to the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool.

References Sequence Generation Allocation Concealment Blinding (Participants) Blinding (Assessors) Incomplete Outcome Data
Chen, 2006 Low NR NR NR Low
El-Tamawy, 2014 NR NR NR NR Low
Fang, 2003 Low Low NR Low High
Fernandez-Gonzalo, 2016 Low Low NR Low Low
Immink, 2014 Low Low NR Low Low
Liu-Ambrose, 2015 Low Low Low* Low Low
Mead, 2007 Low Low NR Low Low
Moore, 2014 Low NR Low* Low Low
Nilsson, 2001 Low Low Low Low High
Ozdemir, 2001 High NR NR High Low
Quaney, 2009 Low NR Low Low Low
Schachten & Jansen, 2015 Low NR NR NR Low
Studenski, 2005 Low NR Low* Low Low
Tang, 2016 Low Low Low* Low Low
*

Liu-Ambrose et al., 2015,10 Moore et al., 2014,13 Studenski et al., 200514 and Tang et al., 201612 were single-blind, but the reviewer judged that outcome measures were not likely to be influenced by lack of blinding. NR=Not Reported