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. 2018 Jan 25;13(1):e0191053. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191053

Table 2. L. sakei growth parameters along with 95% confidence interval, regression coefficient (R2), root mean square error (RMSE) of model fit obtained for control and ultrasound treated L. sakei cells.

Treatment  Model μmax
(OD unit h− 1)		 Lag time
(λ, h)		 Y0 (OD unit) Ymax (OD unit) R2 RMSE
Control Scale free 0.099±0.003 a
(0.094–0.104)		 1.707±0.034 b
(1.640–1.773)		 0.259 0.813 0.998 0.008
20 kHz   0.122±0.057 a
(0.011–0.233)		 11.517±0.494 a
(10.549–12.486)		 0.251 0.947 0.999 0.011
45 kHz   0.103±0.001 a
(0.102–0.105)		 1.790±0.025 b
(1.741–1.838)		 0.270 0.840 0.997 0.009
130 kHz   0.105±0.001 a
(0.103–0.107)		 1.925±0.024 b
(1.877–1.972)		 0.269 0.849 0.998 0.009
950 kHz   0.104±0.001 a
(0.101–0.106)		 1.560±0.022 b
(1.517–1.603)		 0.273 0.850 0.997 0.010
LSD 0.0441 0.3781
Control Gompertz 0.122±0.003 c
(0.116–0.129)		 2.113±0.039 b
(2.037–2.188)		 0.259 0.813 0.999 0.005
20 kHz   0.166±0.001 a
(0.164–0.168)		 12.536±1.888 a
(8.836–16.236)		 0.251 0.947 0.999 0.010
45 kHz   0.128±0.001 b
(0.126–0.129)		 2.187±0.022 b
(2.145–2.230)		 0.270 0.840 0.999 0.005
130 kHz   0.129±0.001 b
(0.127–0.132)		 2.326±0.023 b
(2.281–2.370)		 0.269 0.849 0.999 0.005
950 kHz   0.128±0.002 b
(0.124–0.132)		 1.955±0.026 b
(1.904–2.006)		 0.273 0.850 0.999 0.004
LSD 0.0033 1.4502
Control Biphasic 0.079±0.002b
(0.075–0.082)		 7.617±0.124 a
(7.373–7.861)		 0.259 0.813 0.989 0.017
20 kHz   3.85±1.12×10−10 c
(1.64–6.06×10−10)		 9.396±2.734 a
(4.038–14.754)		 0.251 0.947 0.902 0.095
45 kHz   0.080±0.001 b
(0.078–0.082)		 7.710±0.032 a
(7.647–7.773)		 0.270 0.840 0.988 0.020
130 kHz   0.079±0.001 b
(0.078–0.080)		 7.966±0.082 a
(7.804–8.127)		 0.269 0.849 0.986 0.022
950 kHz   0.084±0.001 a
(0.082–0.087)		 7.334±0.049 a
(7.238–7.430)		 0.273 0.850 0.990 0.019
LSD 0.0019 2.0728

(abcValues with different letters are significantly different at P<0.05; LSD: Least significant difference)