Table 1. Determinants of anti-HEV IgG prevalence, south Netherlands, Dec 2011 to Nov 2015.
| Total study population (n = 2,969) | Univariate anti-HEV IgG prevalence | Multivariate OR (95%CI) adjusted for test yeara, age, gender | |
| Age (median = 44, IQR = 30–54) | *** | 1.03*** (1.02–1.04) | |
| Gender | |||
| - Men | 309/1,630 | 19.0% | 1.24* (1.02–1.50) |
| - Women | 253/1,339 | 18.9% (ref) | 1.00 |
| Population | |||
| - High sexual risk (STI clinic cohort) | 176/1,482 | 11.9% (ref) | 1.00 |
| - General (GP cohort) | 386/1,487 | 26.0%*** | 1.19 (0.76–1.87) |
| STI clinic cohort (n = 1,482) | adjusted for test yeara, age, sexual preference | ||
| Age (median = 30, IQR = 24–39) | *** | 1.02** (1.01–1.04) | |
| Gender | |||
| - Men | 118/948 | 12.4% | 1.23 (0.88–1.73) |
| - Women | 58/534 | 10.9% (ref) | 1.00 |
| Sexual preference | |||
| - Women | 33/350 | 9.4% (ref) | 1.00 |
| - Female swinger | 25/184 | 13.6% | 1.17 (0.65–2.11) |
| - Heterosexual men | 52/480 | 10.8% | 1.19 (0.75–1.89) |
| - MSM | 66/468 | 14.1%* | 1.41 (0.90–2.23) |
| Reported anal sex | |||
| - Yes | 87/629 | 13.8%* | 1.27 (0.86–1.88) |
| - No | 81/812 | 10.0% (ref) | 1.00 |
| - Unknown | 8/41 | 19.5%# | 2.11# (0.92–4.83) |
| Number of sexual partners (median = 3, IQR = 2–5) | |||
| - <3 in past 6 months | 61/617 | 9.9% (ref) | 1.00 |
| - ≥3 in past 6 months | 114/856 | 13.3%* | 1.31 (0.93–1.85) |
| - Unknown | 1/9 | 11.1% | 1.09 (0.13–9.03) |
| Chlamydia and/or gonorrhoeae positive | |||
| - Yes | 28/171 | 16.4%* | 1.60* (1.02–2.49) |
| - Nob | 148/1,311 | 11.3% (ref) | 1.00 |
| Syphilis positive | |||
| - Yes | 1/4 | 25.0% | 1.75 (0.16–18.72) |
| - No | 14/114 | 12.3% (ref) | 1.00 |
| - Untested | 161/1,364 | 11.8% | 0.88 (0.46–1.68) |
| HIV positive | |||
| - Yes | 6/37 | 16.2% | 1.08 (0.43–2.74) |
| - No | 167/1,427 | 11.7% (ref) | 1.00 |
| - Untested | 3/18 | 16.7% | 1.48 (0.42–5.22) |
| GP cohort (n = 1,487) | adjusted for test yeara, age, gender | ||
| Age (median = 53, IQR = 46–62) | *** | 1.04*** (1.03–1.05) | |
| Gender | |||
| - Men | 191/682 | 28.0%# | 1.25# (0.99–1.58) |
| - Women | 195/805 | 24.2% (ref) | 1.00 |
| Educational level | |||
| - Low | 185/676 | 27.4% | 1.12 (0.82–1.51) |
| - Medium | 94/371 | 25.3% | 1.11 (0.80–1.55) |
| - High | 102/427 | 23.9%(ref) | 1.00 |
| - Unknown | 5/13 | 38.5% | 1.43 (0.45–4.55) |
| HIV positive | |||
| - Yes | 1/5 | 20.0% (ref) | 1.00 |
| - No | 352/1,374 | 25.6% | 1.46 (0.16–13.42) |
| - Untested | 33/108 | 30.6% | 1.91 (0.20–18.21) |
| HBV positive | |||
| - Yes (active or past infection) | 43/139 | 30.9% | 1.15 (0.78–1.70) |
| - No (no infection or vaccinated) | 343/1348 | 25.4% (ref) | 1.00 |
| HCV positive | |||
| - Yes (past infection) | 3/4 | 75.0%# | 8.77# (0.89–86.40) |
| - No (no infection) | 383/1483 | 25.8% (ref) | 1.00 |
a Test year of 2012 includes two tests from December 2011.
b Including 14 individuals not tested for CT and 13 individuals not tested for NG.
*p≤0.05
**p≤0.01
***p≤0.001
#0.05≤p≤0.10