pTREX expresses miRNA clusters at a significantly higher level than does pTRIPZ. HeLa cells were transduced with miRNA expression vectors derived from pTREX and pTRIPZ, selected with puromycin, and induced with Dox for 3 d before RNA was harvested. miRNA expression levels were measured by TaqMan RT-qPCR and fold change calculated using the ΔΔCt method, normalizing to the miRNA expression level observed in pTRIPZ, which was set at 1. Data shown represent the average of 4 independent replicates analyzed using a one-sample t-test; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 (Error bars = SD).