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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Anesth Analg. 2017 Nov;125(5):1682–1703. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000002426

Table 1.

Included Chronic Pain Conditions and Non-Opioid Drug Classes

Chronic Pain Condition Non-Opioid Drug Class
Chronic Low Back Pain Acetaminophen
Myofascial Pain Syndrome NSAIDs
Fibromyalgia Amine Reuptake Inhibitors
Post-Herpetic Neuralgia Membrane Stabilizers
Painful Diabetic Neuropathy Muscle Relaxants
Radicular Pain Mixed Amine Reuptake Inhibitor/Opioid
Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) Topical Therapies
Botulinum Toxins
NMDA antagonists
Opioid Antagonists (Low-Dose Naltrexone)
Local Anesthetics
Steroids
Cannabinoids or Cannabis
Miscellaneous
Specific to CRPS: Biphosphonates, calcitonin, IV immunoglobulin, IV magnesium, IV mannitol, tadalafil, TNF alpha inhibitors

NSAIDs: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; NMDA: N-methyl-D-Aspartate