. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Nov 1.

Published in final edited form as: Anesth Analg. 2017 Nov;125(5):1682–1703. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000002426

Table 3.

Myofascial Pain Syndrome – Effective Medications based on Included Studies

Myofascial Pain Syndrome – Effective Medications

FDA On-Label	Off-Label
*NSAIDs*
None	IM Diclofenac (short-term relief), Topical Diclofenac Sodium patch

*ARIs*
None	None

*Membrane Stabilizers*
None	None

*Muscle Relaxants*
None	Methocarbamol

*ARI/Opioid*
None	None

*Topical Capsaicin*
None	None

*Local Anesthetics*
None	Topical Lidocaine Patch, 0.5% Bupivacaine IM injection

*NMDA Antagonists*
None	None

*Miscellaneous*
None	Botulinum Toxin Type A

FDA: Food and Drug Administration; NSAIDs: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; ARI: amine reuptake inhibitor; NMDA: N-methyl-D-aspartate