Table 2.

Community pharmacists’ willingness to participate in needle exchange activities, ordinal logistic regression analysis results

	Willingness to provide clean needles and syringes2 (n = 628)		Willingness to dispose of used needles and syringes2 (n = 632)
	Adjusted odds ratio	95% CI	Adjusted odds ratio	95% CI
Terminal degree
BSPharm	Ref.		Ref.
PharmD	1.00	0.60–1.67	1.40	0.82–2.40
Years in practice
0 to 5 years	Ref.		Ref.
6 to 10 years	0.76	0.46–1.25	0.77	0.46–1.29
11 to 20 years	1.30	0.82–2.08	1.48	0.91–2.42
> 20 years	0.93	0.50–1.70	1.51	0.80–2.82
Pharmacist gender
Female	0.74	0.54–1.01	0.72*	0.52–0.99
Male	Ref.		Ref.
Community pharmacy practice setting
Chain or supermarket pharmacy	0.92	0.65–1.30	0.61*	0.43–0.87
Independent pharmacy	Ref.		Ref.
Urban or rural practice setting
Urban county	1.04	0.75–1.44	0.96	0.69–1.33
Rural county	Ref.		Ref.
Sells needles/syringes without a prescription
Yes, sells needles/syringes	1.19	0.85–1.65	0.92	0.66–1.29
No, does not sell needles/syringes	Ref.		Ref.
Pharmacist attitudes1
Pharmacists could have significant public health impact by providing access to syringes/needles for IV drug users	3.56*	3.06–4.15	2.04*	1.77–2.35
Access to clean syringes/needles is important to prevent blood-borne infections such as HIV and hepatitis in IV drug users	1.04	0.91–1.20	0.91	0.78–1.06

¹Respondents could select a response on a scale of 1 (strongly disagree) to 6 (strongly agree) for each attitude question. Responses of “Don’t Know” were not included in regression analysis

²The reference group for the dependent variable in both willingness models is a response of 1 (Not at all willing)

*Indicates statistical significance