Table 1.

The members of the Ancylostomatidae family and their hosts have overlapping distributions. Zoonotic disease potential, distribution and pathogenic significance are described in this table. Life-cycles A and B are described above

Species	Definitive host	Human zoonosis	Paratenic host	Global incidence	Notes	Ref.
Ancylostoma duodenale	Human	–	Cat, dog	Europe, Africa, India, China, Asia, Americas	Life-cycle A as described in [59]; hypobiosis; Wakana disease in humans	[159–161]
Ancylostoma caninum	Dog	Cutaneous infection, usually asymptomatic and arrests in tissues; adult worm in gut can cause eosinophilic enteritis	–	Tropical and subtropical regions	Life-cycle A; hypobiosis	[86, 162, 163]
Ancylostoma ceylanicum	Dog, cat, human	–	Rodent	Asia, India, Sri Lanka, Philippines, Australia	Life-cycle A	[151, 164–166]
Ancylostoma braziliense	Dog, cat	Cutaneous larva migrans	Rodent	Brazil, Africa, India, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, Philippines	Life-cycle A	[81, 167]
Ancylostoma pluridentatum	Wild cats, jaguar, leopard	None noted	–	South and Central Americas; thought to be introduced to Florida bobcat populations mid-1950s	Life-cycle A	[168, 169]
Ancylostoma tubaeforme	Cat, lynx	Cutaneous larva migrans	Rodent	Worldwide	Life-cycle A	[170, 171]
Ancylostoma kusimaense	Badger	None noted	Dog	Japan	Life-cycle A	[172]
Ancylostoma protelesis	Aardwolf	Unknown	–	Africa	nd	[173]
Ancylostoma somaliense	Jackal	Unknown	–	Africa	nd	[173]
Ancylostoma genettae	Genet (small African carnivore)	Unknown	–	Africa	nd	[173]
Necator americanus	Human, gorilla	Ground itch	–	Africa, India, Asia, China, Central America	Life-cycle B	[174–176]
Necator gorillae	Gorilla	Unknown	–	Africa	nd	[176]
Uncinaria stenocephala	Foxes, wolves, coyotes	Cutaneous larva migrans	Dog, cat, rodent	Temperate climates	Life-cycle B	[96, 177]

Abbreviation: nd life-cycle is not described in the literature