Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study participants
| Non-CKD cohort (n=9076) | CKD cohort (n=2269) | P value | |
| Age (mean±SD) | 74.65±8.32 | 74.71±8.33 | 0.8707 |
| Age group, years | 0.9922 | ||
| <65 | 868 (9.56%) | 218 (9.61%) | |
| 65–79 | 5385 (59.33%) | 1343 (59.19%) | |
| ≧80 | 2833 (31.10%) | 708 (31.20%) | |
| Sex | 1.0000 | ||
| Female | 2444 (26.93%) | 611 (26.93%) | |
| Male | 6632 (73.07%) | 1658 (73.07%) | |
| Surgery | 1281 (14.11%) | 234 (10.31%) | <0.0001 |
| Wedge or partial resection | 228 (2.51%) | 45 (1.98%) | 0.1415 |
| Lobectomy | 460 (5.07%) | 59 (2.60%) | <0.0001 |
| Bilobectomy | 14 (0.15%) | 2 (0.09%) | 0.4525 |
| Pneumonectomy, total | 35 (0.39%) | 1 (0.04%) | 0.0097 |
| Sleeve resection | 8 (0.09%) | 3 (0.13%) | 0.5463 |
| Thoracoscopic pneumonectomy | 4 (0.04%) | 0 (0.00%) | 0.3172 |
| Thoracoscopic lobectomy | 401 (4.42%) | 76 (3.35%) | 0.0233 |
| Thoracoscopic wedge resection | 282 (3.11%) | 72 (3.17%) | 0.8713 |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Hypertension | 3442 (37.92%) | 1710 (75.36%) | <0.0001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 1555 (17.13%) | 937 (41.30%) | <0.0001 |
| COPD | 2180 (24.02%) | 737 (32.48%) | <0.0001 |
| Congestive heart failure | 508 (5.60%) | 550 (24.24%) | <0.0001 |
| Cholelithiasis | 498 (5.49%) | 212 (9.34%) | <0.0001 |
| Hyperlipidaemia | 558 (6.15%) | 356 (15.69%) | <0.0001 |
| Outcome | |||
| Death | 7135 (78.61%) | 1866 (82.24%) | 0.0001 |
CKD, chronic kidney disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.